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Carl L Unkrich
Southwest Watershed Research Center
Hydrologist

Phone: (520) 647-2897
Fax: (520) 670-5550

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Publications (Clicking on the reprint icon Reprint Icon will take you to the publication reprint.)
Curating 62 years of Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed data: Improving the quality of long-term rainfall and runoff datasets Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Meles, M.B., Demaria, E., Heilman, P., Goodrich, D.C., Kautz, M.A., Armendariz, G.A., Unkrich, C.L., Wei, H., Thiyagaraja Perumal, A. 2022. Curating 62 years of Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed data: Improving the quality of long-term rainfall and runoff datasets. Water. 14(14). Article 2198. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14142198.
Rangeland hydrology and erosion handbook: the RHEM guide - (Government Publication)
Weltz, M.A., Hernandez Narvaez, M.N., Nearing, M.A., Spaeth, K.E., Pierson Jr, F.B., Williams, C.J., Al-Hamdan, O.Z., Nouwakpo, S., Armendariz, G.A., Wei, H., Goodrich, D.C., Guertin, P., Unkrich, C.L., Polyakov, V.O., McGwire, K., Nesbit, J.E., Frazier, G., Jolley, L., Stone, J. 2021. Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Handbook: The RHEM Guide (NRCS Publication No 647, Title 190). Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). 1-80. Available: https://directives.sc.egov.usda.gov/viewerFS.aspx?hid=47163
Global sensitivity analysis of KINEROS2 hydrologic model parameters representing green infrastructure using the STAR-VARS framework Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Korgaonkar, Y., Meles, M., Guertin, D., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L. 2020. Global sensitivity analysis of KINEROS2 hydrologic model parameters representing green infrastructure using the STAR-VARS framework. Environmental Modelling & Software. 132, Article 104814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104814.
Multi-parameter regression modeling for improving the quality of measured rainfall and runoff data in densely instrumented watersheds Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Meles, M.B., Goodrich, D.C., Demaria, E.M., Heilman, P., Nichols, M.H., Levick, L., Unkrich, C.L., Kautz, M.A. 2019. Multi-parameter regression modeling for improving the quality of measured rainfall and runoff data in densely instrumented watersheds. Journal Hydrologic Engineering. 24(10). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001825.
Modeling urban hydrology and green infrastructure using the AGWA urban tool and the KINEROS2 model Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Korgaonkar, Y., Guertin, D., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Kepner, W., Burns, I. 2019. Modeling urban hydrology and green infrastructure using the AGWA urban tool and the KINEROS2 model. Frontiers in the Built Environment. 4:58. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2018.00058.
The Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model: A dynamic approach for predicting soil loss on rangelands Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Hernandez Narvaez, M.N., Nearing, M.A., Al-Hamdan, O., Pierson, F.B., Armendariz, G.A., Weltz, M.A., Spaeth, K., Williams, C.J., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Nichols, M.H., Holifield Collins, C.D. 2017. The Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model: A dynamic approach for predicting soil loss on rangelands. Water Resources Research. 53:1-24. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR020651.
Evaluation of green infrastructure designs using the Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment Tool - (Proceedings)
Guertin, D., Korgaonkar, Y., Burns, I., Barlow, J., Unkrich, C.L., Goodrich, D.C., Kepner, W. 2015. Evaluation of green infrastructure designs using the Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment Tool. Environmental & Water Resources Institute 2015 Watershed Management Conference (American Society of Civil Engineers). Reston, VA. 5-7 August 2015, pp.229-239.
Temporal and elevation trends in rainfall erosivity on a 149 km2 watershed in a semi-arid region of the American Southwest Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Nearing, M.A., Unkrich, C.L., Goodrich, D.C., Nichols, M.H., Keefer, T.O. 2015. Temporal and elevation trends in rainfall erosivity on a 149 km2 watershed in a semi-arid region of the American Southwest. International Soil and Water Conservation Conference. 3:77-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2015.06.008.
Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment Tool (AGWA) - (Proceedings)
Guertin, D., Goodrich, D.C., Burns, I., Korgaonkar, Y., Barlow, J., Sheppard, B., Unkrich, C.L., Kepner, W. 2015. Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment Tool (AGWA). Environmental & Water Resources Institute 2015 Watershed Management Conference (American Society of Civil Engineers). Reston, VA. 5-7 August 2015, pp. 120-130.
Quantifying extreme precipitation events and their hydrologic response in Southeastern Arizona - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Keefer, T.O., Renard, K., Goodrich, D.C., Heilman, P., Unkrich, C.L. 2015. Quantifying extreme precipitation events and their hydrologic response in Southeastern Arizona. American Society of Civil Engineers. 21(1):1-10. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001270, 04015054.
Risk-assessment of post-wildfire hydrological response in semi-arid basins: The effects of varying rainfall representations in the KINEROS2/AGWA model Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sidman, G., Guertin, D., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Burns, I. 2015. Risk-assessment of post-wildfire hydrological response in semi-arid basins: The effects of varying rainfall representations in the KINEROS2/AGWA model. International Journal of Wildland Fire. 25(3):268-278. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF14071.
The KINEROS2 – AGWA Suite of modeling tools - (Proceedings)
Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Korgaonkar, Y., Burns, I., Kennedy, J., Sodman, G., Sheppard, B., Hernandez, M., Guertin, D., Miller, S., Kepner, W., Heilman, P., Nearing, M.A. 2015. The KINEROS2 – AGWA Suite of modeling tools. Proc. of the 3rd Joint Federal Interagency Conference on Sedimentation and Hydrologic Modeling, p. 1759-1770. April 19-23, 2015, Reno, Nevada, USA.
Modeling runoff and microbial overland transport with KINEROS2/STWIR model: Accuracy and uncertainty as affected by source of infiltration parameters - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Guber, A., Pachepsky, Y.A., Yakirevich, A., Shelton, D.R., Whelan, G., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L. 2014. Modeling runoff and microbial overland transport with KINEROS2/STWIR model: Accuracy and uncertainty as affected by source of infiltration parameters. Journal of Hydrology: 519.644-655.
Modeling flash flood events in an ungaged semi-arid basin using a real-time distributed model: Fish Creek near Anza Borrego, California - (Other)
Schnaffner, M., Unkrich, C.L., Goodrich, D.C., Tardy, A. 2014. Modeling flash flood events in an ungaged semi-arid basin using a real-time distributed model: Fish Creek near Anza Borrego, California. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Western Regional Technical Attachment. 14-02, 42 p.
Spatiotemporal variability of summer precipitation in southeastern Arizona Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Stillman, S., Zeng, X., Shuttleworth, W., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Zerda, M. 2013. Spatiotemporal variability of summer precipitation in southeastern Arizona. Journal of Hydrometeorology. 14:1944-1951. https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-13-017.1.
All-season flash flood forecasting system for real-time operations Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Broxton, P., Troch, P.A., Schaffner, M., Unkrich, C.L., Goodrich, D.C. 2014. All-season flash flood forecasting system for real-time operations. Bulletin of the American Meterological Society. 95:399–407. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00212.1.
Using the KINEROS2 modeling framework to evaluate the increase in storm runoff from residential development in a semi-arid environment Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Kennedy, J., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L. 2013. Using the KINEROS2 modeling framework to evaluate the increase in storm runoff from residential development in a semi-arid environment. Journal Hydrologic Engineering. 18:698-706. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000655.
Model enhancements for urban runoff predictions in the South-West United States 2182 - (Book / Chapter)
Kennedy, J., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L. 2013. Model enhancements for urban runoff predictions in the South-West United States. In: Blöschl, G., Sivapalan, M., & Wagener, T. (Eds.). Predictions in Ungauged Basins. Cambridge University Press, pp. 332-337.
Assessing satellite-based rainfall estimates in semi-arid watersheds using the USDA-ARS Walnut Gulch gauge network and TRMM-PR - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Amitai, E., Unkrich, C.L., Goodrich, D.C., Habib, E., Thill, B. 2012. Assessing satellite-based rainfall estimates in semi-arid watersheds using the USDA-ARS Walnut Gulch gauge network and TRMM-PR. Journal of Hydrometeorology. 13:1579-1588.
KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration, and validation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Goodrich, D.C., Burns, I., Unkrich, C.L., Semmens, D., Guertin, D., Hernandez, M., Yatheendradas, S., Kennedy, J., Levick, L. 2012. KINEROS2/AGWA: Model use, calibration, and validation. Transactions of the ASABE. 55(4):1561-1574.
Utilizing long-term ARS data to compare and contrast hydroclimatic trends from snow and rainfall dominated watersheds - (Proceedings)
Goodrich, D.C., Marks, D.G., Seyfried, M.S., Keefer, T.O., Unkrich, C.L., Anson, E.L., Clark, P., Flerchinger, G.N., Hamerlynck, E.P., Hardegree, S.P., Heilman, P., Holifield Collins, C.D., Moran, M.S., Nearing, M.A., Nichols, M.H., Pierson Jr, F.B., Scott, R.L., Stone, J.J., Van Vactor, S.S., Winstral, A.H., Wong, J.K. 2011. Utilizing long-term ARS data to compare and contrast hydroclimatic trends from snow and rainfall dominated watersheds. Proceedings of the 4th Interagency Conference of Research in the Watersheds, Fairbanks, AK., Sept. 26-30, 2011.
Uncertainty in modeling of fecal coliform overland transport associated with manure application in Maryland - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Guber, A.K., Pachepsky, Y.A., Yakirevich, A., Shelton, D.R., Sadeghi, A.M., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L. 2011. Uncertainty in modeling of fecal coliform overland transport associated with manure application in Maryland. Hydrological Processes. 25:2393-2404.
STWIR, a microorganism transport with infiltration and runoff add-on module for the KINEROS2 runoff and erosion model: documentation and user manual - (Other)
Guber, A.K., Pachepsky, Y.A., Yakirevich, A., Shelton, D.R., Sadeghi, A.M., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L. 2010. STWIR, a microorganism transport with infiltration and runoff add-on module for the KINEROS2 runoff and erosion model: documentation and user manual. United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin.
THE AGWA – KINEROS2 SUITE OF MODELING TOOLS - (Proceedings)
Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Smith, R.E., Guertin, D.P., Hernandez, M., Burns, I.S., Massart, J., Levick, L., Miller, S.N., Semmens, D., Kepner, W. 2010. THE AGWA – KINEROS2 SUITE OF MODELING TOOLS. Proc. Amer. Soc. Of Civil Eng. 2010 Watershed Management Conference, Madison, WI, Aug. 23-27, 2010. Modeling, pp. 1294-1305.
Module STWIR for KINEROS-based Simulations of the Field-scale Manure-Borne Bacteria Transport with Runoff - (Abstract Only)
Guber, A.K., Pachepsky, Y.A., Yakirevich, A., Shelton, D.R., Sadeghi, A.M., Rowland, R.A., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L. 2010. Module STWIR for KINEROS-based Simulations of the Field-scale Manure-Borne Bacteria Transport with Runoff. Meeting Abstract. ASABE Pub No. 711p0710cd.
Estimation of KINEROS parameters with Pedotransfer Functions and Associated Uncertainty in Modeling of Fecal Coliform Overland Transport - (Abstract Only)
Guber, A.K., Pachepsky, Y.A., Yakirevich, A.M., Shelton, D.R., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L. 2010. Estimation of KINEROS parameters with Pedotransfer Functions and Associated Uncertainty in Modeling of Fecal Coliform Overland Transport. [abstract]. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting. 214-4.
Overland transport of manure-borne pathogen and indicator organisms: modeling and uncertainty assessment with the KINEROS-STWIR model - (Abstract Only)
Guber, A.K., Pachepsky, Y.A., Shelton, D.R., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L. 2010. Overland transport of manure-borne pathogen and indicator organisms: modeling and uncertainty assessment with the KINEROS-STWIR model. [abstract]. Joint Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference. p.360.
Application of The KINEROS2 Site Specific Model to South-Central NY and Northeast PA: Forecasting Gaged and Ungaged Fast Responding Watersheds - (Research Technical Update)
Schaffner, M., Unkrich, C.L., Goodrich, D.C. 2010. Application of The KINEROS2 Site Specific Model to South-Central NY and Northeast PA: Forecasting Gaged and Ungaged Fast Responding Watersheds. NWS Eastern Region Technical Attachment No. 2010-01. (http://www.erh.noaa.gov/er/hq/ssd/erps/ta/ta2010-01.pdf). . Popular Publication.
Model of fecal coliform overland transport from agricultural lands fertilized with animal manure - (Abstract Only)
Guber, A.K., Yakirevich, A., Shelton, D.R., Sadeghi, A.M., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Rowland, R.A., Pachepsky, Y.A. 2009. Model of fecal coliform overland transport from agricultural lands fertilized with animal manure. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts. http://a-c-s.confex.com/crops/2009am/webprogram/Paper52269.html
Event to multidecadal persistence in rainfall and runoff in southeast Arizona 1908 - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Keefer, T.O., Nichols, M.H., Stone, J.J., Levick, L., Scott, R.L. 2008. Event to multidecadal persistence in rainfall and runoff in southeast Arizona. Water Resour. Res., 44, W05S14, doi:10.1029/2007WR006222.
Application of the Kineros2 rainfall-runoff model to an arid catchment in Oman 1905 - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Al-Qurashi, A., Mcintyre, N., Wheater, H., Unkrich, C.L. 2008. Application of the Kineros2 rainfall-runoff model to an arid catchment in Oman. Journal of Hydrology. 355:91-105.
Understanding uncertainty in distributed flash flood forecasting for semiarid regions 1909 - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yatheendradas, S., Wagener, T., Gupta, H., Unkrich, C.L., Goodrich, D.C., Schaffner, M., Stewart, A. 2008. Understanding uncertainty in distributed flash flood forecasting for semiarid regions. Water Resources Research, Vol. 44, W05S19, doi:10.1029/2007WR005940.
Long-term precipitation database, Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed, Arizona, United States 1864 - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Goodrich, D.C., Keefer, T.O., Unkrich, C.L., Nichols, M.H., Osborn, H.B., Stone, J.J., Smith, J.R. 2008. Long-term precipitation database, Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed, Arizona, United States. Water Resources Research, Vol. 44, W05S04, doi:10.1029/2006WR005782.
An event-based comparison of two types of automated-recording, weighing bucket rain gauges 1890 - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Keefer, T.O., Unkrich, C.L., Smith, J.R., Goodrich, D.C., Moran, M.S., Simanton, J.R. 2008. An event-based comparison of two types of automated-recording, weighing bucket rain gauges. Water Resources Research, Vol. 44, W05S12, doi:10.1029/2006WR005841.
Preface to special section on Fifty Years of Research and Data Collection: U.S. Department of Agriculture Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed 1930 - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Moran, M.S., Emmerich, W.E., Goodrich, D.C., Heilman, P., Holifield Collins, C.D., Keefer, T.O., Nearing, M.A., Nichols, M.H., Renard, K.G., Scott, R.L., Smith, J.R., Stone, J.J., Unkrich, C.L., Wong, J.K. 2008. Preface to special section on Fifty Years of Research and Data Collection: U.S. Department of Agriculture Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed. Water Resources Research, Vol. 44, W05S01, doi:10.1029/2007WR006083.
Understanding sources of uncertainty in flash-flood forecasting for semi-arid regions 1913 - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Wagener, T., Gupta, H., Yatheendradas, S., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Schaffner, M. 2007. Understanding sources of uncertainty in flash-flood forecasting for semi-arid regions. International Association of Hydrological Science. 313:204-212.
KINEROS2 and the AGWA Modeling Framework 2013 - (Book / Chapter)
Semmens, D.J., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Smith, R.E., Woolhiser, D.A., Miller, S.N. 2008. KINEROS2 and the AGWA Modeling Framework. Chapter 5: In Hydrological Modelling in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas (H. Wheater, S. Sorooshian, and K. D. Sharma, Eds.). Cambridge University Press, London. Pp. 49-69.
Impact of Recent Extreme Arizona Storms - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Magirl, C.S., Webb, R.H., Schaffner, M., Lyon, S.W., Griffiths, P.G., Shoemaker, C., Unkrich, C.L., Yatheendrades, S., Troch, P.A., Pytlak, E., Goodrich, D.C., Desilets, S.L., Youberg, A., Pearthree, P.A. 2007. Impact of Recent Extreme Arizona Storms. EOS 88(17): 191-193.
KINEROS2 - NEW FEATURES AND CAPABILITIES 1799 - (Proceedings)
Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Smith, R., Woolhiser, D. Kineros2 - new features and capabilities. Proc. 3rd Fed. Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conf., April 2-6, 2006. Reno, Nevada. 2006 CDROM.
KINEROS2 AND THE AGWA MODELING FRAMEWORK 1802 - (Book / Chapter)
Semmens, D., Goodrich, D.C., Unkrich, C.L., Smith, R.E., Woolhiser, D.A., Miller, S.N. 2005. Kineros2 and the agwa modeling framework. Chapter 6 in The GWADI International Modeling Worshop, UNESCO on-line publication, 30 p.
ADDING GLOBAL SOILS DATA TO THE AUTOMATED GEOSPATIAL WATERSHED ASSESSMENT TOOL (AGWA) 1663 - (Proceedings)
Levick, L.R., Semmens, D., Guertin, D.P., Burns, I.S., Scott, S.N., Unkrich, C.L., Goodrich, D.C. 2004. Adding global soils data to the automated geospatial watershed assessment tool (agwa). In: Proceedings 2nd SAHRA, (Sustainability of Semi-Arid Hydrol. and Riparian Areas), Univ. of Ariz., Internat'l. Sym. on Transboundary Water Manage., Nov. 16-19, Tucson, AZ. p. 1-9.
Comparison of Methods to Estimate Ephemeral Channel Recharge, Walnut Gulch, San Pedro River Basin, Arizona 1579 - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Goodrich, D.C., Williams, D.G., Unkrich, C.L., Scott, R.L., Hultine, K., Pool, D.R., Coes, A.L., Hogan, J.F., Miller, S.N. 2004. Comparison of Methods to Estimate Ephemeral Channel Recharge, Walnut Gulch, San Pedro River Basin, Arizona. In Recharge and Vadose Zone Processes: Alluvial Basins of the Southwestern United States, ed. by F.M. Phillips, J.F. Hogan, and B. Scanlon, Water Science and Application 9, Washington, DC. American Geophysical Union. p. 77-99.
CD-SOUTHWEST WATERSHED RESEARCH CENTER ONLINE DATA ACCESS 1606 - (Other)
Nichols, M.H., Anson, E., Stone, J.J., Unkrich, C.L., Keefer, T.O., Wong, J.K. 2004. Southwest Watershed Research Center online data access. Southwest Watershed Research Center Web Site. Available: http://www.tucson.ars.ag.gov
MULTIPLE APPROACHES TO ESTIMATING EPHEMERAL CHANNEL RECHARGE 1518 - (Proceedings)
Goodrich, D.C., Williams, D.G., Unkrich, C.L., Scott, R.L., Hultine, K., Pool, D.R., Coes, A., Hogan, J. 2003. Multiple approaches to estimating ephemeral channel recharge. Proceedings First Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds. Oct. 27-30, 2003. Benson, AZ., pp. 118-124.
HYDROLOGIC DATA PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY AT THE SOUTHWEST WATERSHED RESEARCH CENTER - PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE 1564 - (Proceedings)
Proc. 1st Interagency Conf. on Research in the Watersheds, Oct. 27-30, 2003, Benson,AZ., p. 561.
SEASONAL ESTIMATES OF RIPARIAN EVAPOTRANSPIRATION USING REMOTE AND IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS 1296 - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
ESTIMATION OF HEAT AND MOMENTUM FLUXES OVER COMPLEX TERRAIN USING A LARGE APERTURE SCINTILLOMETER 1360 - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
AN OVERVIEW OF THE 1997 ACTIVITIES OF THE SEMI-ARID LAND-SURFACE-ATMOSPHERE(SALSA) PROGRAM 1195 - (Proceedings)
SEASONAL ESTIMATES OF RIPARIAN EVAPOTRANSPIRATION (CONSUMPTIVE WATER USE) USING REMOTE AND IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS 1197 - (Proceedings)
QUANTIFICATION OF GROUNDWATER-SURFACE WATER INTERACTIONS IN A SOUTHWESTERN RIPARIAN SYSTEM 1199 - (Proceedings)
INFILTRATION - SCALE INTERACTIONS - (Proceedings)
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