Projects

DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF MITE RESISTANCE TRAITS IN HONEY BEE BREEDING Appropriated (D)   Accession Number: 414698

BREEDING, GENETICS, STOCK IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF RUSSIAN HONEY BEES FOR MITE AND SMALL HIVE BEETLE CONTROL AND POLLINATION Appropriated (D)   Accession Number: 415084

Genome Characterization of the Mite Varroa Destructor, the Primary Pest of Honey Bees Reimbursable (R)   Accession Number: 419544

Publications (Clicking on the reprint icon will take you to the publication reprint.)

Negative evidence for effects of genetic origin of bees on Nosema ceranae, positive evidence for effects of Nosema ceranae on bees - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Villa, J.D., Bourgeois, A.L., Danka, R.G. 2013. Negative evidence for effects of genetic origin of bees on Nosema ceranae, positive evidence for effects of Nosema ceranae on bees. Apidologie. 44(1): DOI: 10.1007/s13592-013-0201-1

Responses to Varroa destructor and Nosema ceranae by several commercial strains of Australian and North American honey bees, (Hymenoptera:Apidae) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Rinderer, T.E., Oldroyd, B.P., Frake, A.M., De Guzman, L.I., Bourgeois, A.L. 2013. Responses to Varroa destructor and Nosema ceranae by several commercial strains of Australian and North American honey bees, (Hymenoptera:Apidae). Australian Journal of Entomology. 52(2):156-163.

High-resolution linkage analyses to identify genes that influence Varroa sensitive hygiene behavior in honey bees. - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Tsuruda, J.M., Harris, J.W., Bourgeois, A.L., Danka, R.G., Hunt, G.J. 2012. High-resolution linkage analyses to identify genes that influence Varroa sensitive hygiene behavior in honey bees.. Public Library of Science Biology. 7(11):1-8.

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms to resistance to chalkbrood in Apis mellifera - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Holloway, B.A., Sylvester, H.A., Bourgeois, A.L., Rinderer, T.E. 2012. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms to resistance to chalkbrood in Apis mellifera. Journal of Apicultural Research. 51(2):154-163.

Patterns of Apis mellifera infection by Nosema ceranae support the parasite hypothesis for the evolution of extreme polyandry in eusocial insects. - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bourgeois, A.L., Rinderer, T.E., Sylvester, H.A., Holloway, B.A., Oldroyd, B.P. 2012. Patterns of Apis mellifera infection by Nosema ceranae support the parasite hypothesis for the evolution of extreme polyandry in eusocial insects. Apidologie. On-line 15 February 2012

External and internal detection of Nosema ceranae on honey bees using real-time PCR - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bourgeois, A.L., Beaman, G.D., Holloway, B.A., Rinderer, T.E. 2012. External and internal detection of Nosema ceranae on honey bees using real-time PCR. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 109:323-325

Functionality of Varroa-Resistant Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: apidae) when used in migratory beekeeping for crop pollination - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Danka, R.G., De Guzman, L.I., Rinderer, T.E., Sylvester, H.A., Wagener, C.M., Bourgeois, A.L., Harris, J.W., Villa, J.D. 2012. Functionality of Varroa-Resistant Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: apidae) when used in migratory beekeeping for crop pollination. Journal of Economic Entomology 105(2):313-321.

The Effects of Pollen-Enriched Pollen Substitute on Winter Cluster Size and the Prevalence of Nosema ceranae in Russian Honey Bee Colonies - (Peer Reviewed Journal) - (30-Nov-11)

Patriline variation of Nosema ceranae levels in Russian and Italian honey bees - (Abstract Only)

Bourgeois, A.L., Rinderer, T.E., Sylvester, H.A., Holloway, B.A. 2011. Patriline variation of Nosema ceranae levels in Russian and Italian honey bees. Cold Spring Harbor Meeting. 17.

A Genome Wide Genotyping Study To Find Candidate Genes That Influence Varroa-Sensitive Hygiene (VSH) - (Abstract Only)

Tsuruda, J.M., Harris, J.W., Bourgeois, A.L., Hunt, G.J. 2011. A Genome Wide Genotyping Study To Find Candidate Genes That Influence Varroa-Sensitive Hygiene (VSH). Cold Spring Harbor Meeting. 66.

Using Single-nucleotide Polymorphisms and Genetic Mapping to find Candidate Genes that Influence Varroa-Specific Hygiene - (Abstract Only)

Tsuruda, J.M., Harris, J.W., Bourgeois, A.L., Danka, R.G., Hunt, G.J. 2011. Using Single-nucleotide Polymorphisms and Genetic Mapping to find Candidate Genes that Influence Varroa-Specific Hygiene. American Bee Journal. 151(5):511.

Presence of Russian honey bee genotypes in swarms in Louisiana. - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Sylvester, H.A., Bourgeois, A.L., De Guzman, L.I., Rinderer, T.E. 2011. Presence of Russian honey bee genotypes in swarms in Louisiana. Notes Science of Bee Culture 3(1):9-10; supplement to Bee Culture 139(3).

Preservation and processing methods for molecular genetic detection and quantification of Nosema ceranae - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bourgeois, A.L., Beaman, G.D., Rinderer, T.E. 2011. Preservation and processing methods for molecular genetic detection and quantification of Nosema ceranae. Bee Culture. 3(1):1-5.

Genetic stock identification of production colonies of Russian honey bees - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bourgeois, A.L., Sylvester, H.A., Coy, S., Rinderer, T.E. 2010. Genetic stock identification of production colonies of Russian honey bees. Bee Culture. 2(2):1-2.

Genomic survey of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, a major pest of the honey bee Apis mellifera - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Cornman, R.S., Schatz, M.C., Johnston, S.J., Chen, Y., Pettis, J.S., Hunt, G., Bourgeois, A.L., Elsik, C., Anderson, D., Grozinger, C.M., Evans, J.D. 2010. Genomic survey of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, a major pest of the honey bee Apis mellifera. Biomed Central (BMC) Genomics. 11:602.

Genetic Stock Identification of Russian honey bees - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bourgeois, A.L., Sheppard, W.S., Sylvester, H.A., Rinderer, T.E. 2010. Genetic Stock Identification of Russian honey bees. Journal of Economic Entomology. 103(3):917-924.

The Effects of Hive Size, Feeding, and Nosema Ceranae on the Size of Winter Clusters of Russian Honey Bee Colonies - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Rinderer, T.E., De Guzman, L.I., Bourgeois, A.L., Frake, A.M. 2010. The Effects of Hive Size, Feeding, and Nosema Ceranae on the Size of Winter Clusters of Russian Honey Bee Colonies. Science of Bee Culture. 2(1):1-6. Supplement to Bee Culture. 138(3).

Response of the Somatotropic Axis to Alterations in Feed Intake of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Peterson, B.C., Small, B.C., Bourgeois, A.L. 2009. Response of the Somatotropic Axis to Alterations in Feed Intake of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. 153: 457-463.

Genetic characterization of Russian honey bee stock selected for improved resistance to Varroa destructor - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bourgeois, A.L., Rinderer, T.E. 2009. Genetic characterization of Russian honey bee stock selected for improved resistance to Varroa destructor. Journal of Economic Entomology 102(3):1233-1238.

Russian Honeybee Breeders Association Manual - (Other)

Rinderer, T., DeGuzman, L., Bourgeois, A., Frake, A., Stelzer, J., Sylvester, A. 2008. Russian Honeybee Breeders Association Manual. Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics, and Physiology Research Unit, 55 pages.

Stability of Reference Genes for Real-Time PCR Analyses in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) Tissues Under Varying Physiological Conditions - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Small, B.C., Murdock, C.A., Bourgeois, A.L., Peterson, B.C., Waldbieser, G.C. 2008. Stability of Reference Genes for Real-Time PCR Analyses in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) Tissues Under Varying Physiological Conditions. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 151:296-304.

Proteomic analysis of head kidney tissue from high and low susceptibility families of channel catfish following challenge with Edwardsiella ictaluri - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Booth, N.J., Bourgeois, A.L. 2009. Proteomic analysis of head kidney tissue from high and low susceptibility families of channel catfish following challenge with Edwardsiella ictaluri. Fish and Shellfish Immunology. 26:193-196.

Comparison of microsatellite DNA divesity among commercial queen breeder stocks of Italian honey bees in the United States and Italy. - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bourgeois, A.L., Sylvester, H.A., Danka, R.G., Rinderer, T.E. 2008. Comparison of microsatellite DNA divesity among commercial queen breeder stocks of Italian honey bees in the United States and Italy.. Journal of Apicultural Research 47(2):93-98

Differences in mortality, growth, and immune response among genetic groups of catfish exposed to virulent Edwardsiella ictaluri. - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bilodeau, A.L., Bosworth, B.G., Peterson, B.C. 2008. Differences in mortality, growth, and immune response among genetic groups of catfish exposed to virulent Edwardsiella ictaluri.. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 24:82-89

Reductions in Susceptibility of Channel Catfish (Ictalutus punctatus) to Enteric Septicemia of Catfish (ESC) Through Two Generations of Selection - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bourgeois, A.L., Bosworth, B.G., Wolters, W.R. 2007. Reductions in Susceptibility of Channel Catfish (Ictalutus punctatus) to Enteric Septicemia of Catfish (ESC) Through Two Generations of Selection. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. 38:450-453.

Evaluation of Growth and Disease Resistance of USDA103, USDA303, USDA102, and USDA102 X USDA103 Strains of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Peterson, B.C., Bourgeois, A.L., Bosworth, B.G. 2008. Evaluation of Growth and Disease Resistance of USDA103, USDA303, USDA102, and USDA102 X USDA103 Strains of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 39:113-119.

Proteomic analysis of head kidney tissue from resistant and susceptible families following challenge with Edwarsiella ictaluri - (Abstract Only) - (30-Jan-07)

Preliminary assessment of genetic diversity of Italian honey bees in the USA and Italy - (Abstract Only)

Bourgeois, A.L., Sylvester, H.A., Danka, R.G., Rinderer, T.E. 2007. Preliminary assessment of genetic diversity of Italian honey bees in the USA and Italy. American Bee Research Conference Proceedings. American Bee Journal 147(5):436

Rapid Detection of Channel Catfish Virus Carriers Using Real-time PCR - (Abstract Only)

Bourgeois, A.L., Silverstein, P., Camus, A., Waldbieser, G., Hanson, L. 2006. Rapid Detection of Channel Catfish Virus Carriers Using Real-time PCR. International Aquatic Animal Health Symposium Proceedings, pg. 80.

Effects of GH on Immune and Endocrine Responses of Channel Catfish Challenged with Edwardsiella ictaluri - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Peterson, B.C., Small, B.C. 2007. Effects of GH on Immune and Endocrine Responses of Channel Catfish Challenged with Edwardsiella ictaluri. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 146:47-53.

IMMUNE RESPONSES OF CATFISH EXPOSED TO EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI - (Abstract Only)

Bilodeau, A.L., Waldbieser, G.C. 2005. Immune responses of catfish exposed to edwardsiella ictaluri. American Fishery Society (Fish Health Section) Proceedings. July 2005. p.27.

IMMUNE RESPONSE OF CATFISH STRAINS EXPOSED TO VIRULENT EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI - (Abstract Only)

Bilodeau, A.L., Peterson, B.C. 2006. Immune response of catfish strains exposed to virulent edwardsiella ictaluri. Proceedings of International Congress on Biology of Fishes. July 2006. p. 61.

RESPONSE OF TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS, LYSOZYME, AND IGF-I IN BACK-CROSS HYBRID (F1 MALE (BLUE X CHANNEL) X FEMALE CHANNEL) CATFISH CHALLENGED WITH VIRULENT EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bilodeau, A.L., Peterson, B.C., Bosworth, B.G. 2006. Response of toll-like receptors, lysozyme, and igf-i in back-cross hybrid (f1 male (blue x channel) x female channel) catfish challenged with virulent edwardsiella ictaluri. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 20:29-39.

EFFECTS OF POSILAC ON IMMUNE AND ENDOCRINE RESPONSES OF CHANNEL CATFISH CHALLENGED WITH EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI - (Abstract Only)

Peterson, B.C., Bilodeau, A.L., Small, B.C. 2006. Effects of posilac on immune and endocrine responses of channel catfish challenged with edwardsiella ictaluri. American Society of Animal Science. Minneapolis, MN, July 9-13, 2006, p. 352.

OVERVIEW OF THE GH-IGF NETWORK IN REGULATING GROWTH IN CHANNEL CATFISH - (Abstract Only)

Peterson, B.C., Bilodeau, A.L., Small, B.C. 2006. Overview of the gh-igf network in regulating growth in channel catfish. Aquaculture America Conference. Las Vegas, NV 13-16, 2006, p. 231.

Stability of reference genes for real-time PCR analyses in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) tissues under varying physiological conditions - (Abstract Only)

Small, B.C., Murdock, C.A., Bourgeois, A.L., Peterson, B.C., Waldbieser, G.C. 2006. Stability of reference genes for real-time PCR analyses in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) tissues under varying physiological conditions. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. 151:296-304.

IMMUNE RESPONSE OF BACK-CROSS HYBRID (F1 MALE (BLUE X CHANNEL) X FEMALE CHANNEL) CATFISH CHALLENGED WITH EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI - (Abstract Only)

Bilodeau, A.L., Peterson, B.C., Bosworth, B.G. 2005. Immune response of back-cross hybrid (f1 male (blue x channel) x female channel) catfish challenged with edwardsiella ictaluri. International Symposium Candidate Genes for Animal Health. p. 111.

PURIFICATION, CDNA CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GHRELIN IN CHANNEL CATFISH, ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Kaiya, H., Small, B.C., Bilodeau, A.L., Shepherd, B.S., Kojima, M., Hosoda, H., Kangawa, K. 2005. Purification, cdna cloning and characterization of ghrelin in channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. General and Comparative Endocrinology 143:201-210.

DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF IGF-I, IGF-II, AND TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS 3 AND 5 MRNA DURING EMBRYOGENESIS IN HYBRID (CHANNEL X BLUE) AND CHANNEL CATFISH - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Peterson, B.C., Bosworth, B.G., Bilodeau, A.L. 2005. Differential expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, and toll-like receptors 3 and 5 mRNA during embryogenesis in hybrid (channel x blue) and channel catfish. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 141:42-47.

EARLY HOST RESPONSE IMPROVES DISEASE RESISTANCE IN CHANNEL CATFISH - (Popular Publication)

Bilodeau, A.L., Small, B.C., Wise, D.J., Wolters, W.R. 2005. Early host response improves disease resistance in channel catfish. Global Aquaculture Advocate.

EFFECTS OF RECOMBINANT BOVINE GROWTH HORMONE (RBGH; POSILAC) ON GROWTH AND MRNA EXPRESSION OF IGF-I AND IGF-II IN CHANNEL CATFISH (ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Peterson, B.C., Waldbieser, G.C., Bilodeau, A.L. 2005. Effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin on growth and abundance of mRNA for IGF-I and IGF-II in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Journal of Animal Science 83:816-824.

CHANNEL CATFISH VIRUS DISEASE AND NWAC103 CATFISH - (Trade Journal)

Tucker, C., Silverstein, P.S., Camus, A., Bilodeau, A.L., Wise, D., Waldbieser, G.C. 2005. Channel catfish virus disease and NWAC103 catfish. The Catfish Journal 19(5):8.

APPLICATIONS OF A GENETIC PATHOGEN DETECTION ASSAY FOR EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI - (Abstract Only)

Bilodeau, A.L. 2004. Applications of a genetic pathogen detection assay for Edwardsiella ictaluri. 9th Biennial Fish Diagnostics Workshop. Biloxi, MS.

EFFECTS OF CORTISOL AND STRESS ON CHANNEL CATFISH (ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS) PATHOGEN SUSCEPTIBILITY AND LYSOZYME ACTIVITY FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Small, B.C., Bilodeau, A.L. 2005. Effects of cortisol and stress on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) pathogen susceptibility and lysozyme activity following exposure to Edwardsiella ictaluri. General and Comparative Endocrinology 142:255-261.

PATHOGEN LEVELS AND CORITSOL RESPONSE IN CHANNEL CATFISH (ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS) WITH SUSCEPTIBILITY DIFFERENCES TO EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Small, B.C., Wise, D.J., Wolters, W.R. 2005. Pathogen levels and coritsol response in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) with susceptibility differences to Edwardsiella ictaluri. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health. 17:138-146.

ACTIVATION OF TLR3 AND TLR5 IN CHANNEL CATFISH EXPOSED TO VIRULENT EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bilodeau, A.L., Waldbieser, G.C. 2005. Activation of tlr3 and tlr5 in channel catfish exposed to virulent edwardsiella ictaluri. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 29:713-721.

IGF-I AND IGF-II MRNA EXPRESSION IN SLOW AND FAST GROWING FAMILIES OF USDA103 CHANNEL CATFISH (ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Peterson, B.C., Waldbieser, G.C., Bilodeau, A.L. 2004. IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA expression in slow and fast growing families of USDA103 channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 139:317-323.

ACTIVATION OF TLR3 AND TLR5 IN CHANNEL CATFISH EXPOSED TO VIRULENT EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI - (Abstract Only)

Bilodeau, A.L., Waldbieser, G.C. 2004. Activation of TLR3 and TLR5 in channel catfish exposed to virulent Edwardsiella ictaluri. American Society for Microbiology Conference on Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Approaches to Infectious Disease. p. 38.

CORTISOL, STRESS, AND PATHOGEN SUSCEPTIBILITY IN CHANNEL CATFISH (ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS) - (Abstract Only)

Small, B.C., Bilodeau, A.L. 2004. Cortisol, stress, and pathogen susceptibility in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). 5th International Symposium on Fish Endocrinology. p. 57.

MULTIPLE PATERNITY IN THE THALASSINIDEAN GHOST SHRIMP, CALLICHIRUS ISLAGRANDE - (Peer Reviewed Journal) - (13-Jan-04)

IMPACT OF BEACH RESTORATION ON THE DEEP-BURROWING GHOST SHRIMP, CALLICHIRUS ISLAGRANDE - (Peer Reviewed Journal) - (19-Sep-03)

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN DISEASE RESISTANCE, PATHOGEN LEVELS, AND CLEARANCE RATE IN CHANNEL CATFISH - (Abstract Only)

Bilodeau, A.L., Small, B.C., Wise, D.J. 2003. Correlations between disease resistance, pathogen levels, and clearance rate in channel catfish. ARS Immunology Workshop. p. 55.

EFFECTS OF RECOMBINANT BOVINE GROWTH HORMONE (RBGH;POSILAC) ON GROWTH AND MRNA EXPRESSION OF IGF-I AND IGF-II IN CHANNEL CATFISH - (Abstract Only)

Peterson, B.C., Waldbieser, G.C., Bilodeau, A.L. 2004. Effects of recombinant bovine growth hormone (rbgh;posilac) on growth and mrna expression of igf-i and igf-ii in channel catfish. Annual Meeting of Society of Integrative and Comparative Biology. New Orleans, LA. p. 347.

IGF-II MRNA EXPRESSION IN SLOW AND FAST GROWING FAMILIES OF NWAC103 CHANNEL CATFISH - (Abstract Only)

Peterson, B.C., Waldbieser, G.C., Bilodeau, A.L. 2004. IGF-II mRNA expression in slow and fast growing families of NWAC103 channel catfish. World Aquaculture Society Meeting. Honolulu, HI. p. 466.

COMPLETE SEQUENCE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CHANNEL CATFISH MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Waldbieser, G.C., Bilodeau, A.L., Nonneman, D.J. 2003. Complete sequence and characterization of the channel catfish mitochondrial genome. DNA Sequence 14:265-277.

EFFECTS OF RECOMBINANT BOVINE GROWTH HORMONE ON LEVELS OF THE BACTERIA EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI IN CHANNEL CATFISH (ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS) - (Abstract Only)

Peterson, B.C., Bilodeau, A.L. 2003. Effects of recombinant bovine growth hormone on levels of the bacteria edwardsiella ictaluri in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). American Society of Animal Science Meeting. Vol. 81(Suppl. 1). p. 299.

PATHOGEN LOADS, CLEARANCE, AND PLASMA CORTISOL RESPONSE IN CHANNEL CATFISH FOLLOWING CHALLENGE WITH EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI - (Peer Reviewed Journal)

Bilodeau, A.L., Small, B.C., Wolters, W.R. 2003. Pathogen loads, clearance, and plasma cortisol response in channel catfish following challenge with edwardsiella ictaluri. Journal of Fish Diseases 26:433-437.

PHENOTYPIC CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ESC AND PATHOGEN CLEARANCE AMONG CHANNEL CATFISH FAMILIES - (Abstract Only)

Bilodeau, A.L., Small, B.C., Wise, D.J., Wolters, W.R. 2003. Phenotypic correlations between susceptibility to esc and pathogen clearance among channel catfish families. 28th Annual Eastern Fish Health Workshop Proceedings. p. 80.

GENETIC DETECTION OF EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI: APPLICATION IN A CHANNEL CATFISH SELECTIVE BREEDING PROGRAM - (Popular Publication)

Bilodeau, A.L., Wolters, W.R. 2003. Genetic detection of edwardsiella ictaluri: application in a channel catfish selective breeding program. Global Aquaculture Advocate 6:23-24.

EARLY DETECTION OF EDWARDSIELLA ICTALURI IN NWAC103 CHANNEL CATFISH FINGERLINGS - (Popular Publication)

Bilodeau, A.L., Wise, D.J., Wolters, W.R. 2003. Early detection of edwardsiella ictaluri in nwac103 channel catfish fingerlings. NWAC (National Warmwater Aquaculture Center) Aquaculture Newsletter v.5. pp. 1-2.