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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Frederick, Maryland » Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #310134
Title: Comparison of pathogenic variation among Phakopsora pachyrhizi isolates collected from the United States and International Locations, and identification of Soybean genotypes resistant to the United States isolates

Author
item PAUL, CHANDRA - University Of Illinois
item Frederick, Reid
item HILL, CURT - University Of Illinois
item Hartman, Glen
item Walker, David

Submitted to: Plant Disease
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/8/2015
Publication Date: 1/21/2015
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/61500
Citation: Paul, C., Frederick, R.D., Hill, C.B., Hartman, G.L., Walker, D.R. 2015. Comparison of pathogenic variation among Phakopsora pachyrhizi isolates collected from the United States and International Locations, and identification of Soybean genotypes resistant to the United States isolates. Plant Disease. 99(8): 1059-1069.

Interpretive Summary: Soybean rust is a foliar disease of soybeans caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi. The objective of this research was to assess the genetic diversity among pathogen populations in order to develop resistant soybean lines. Rust isolates collected from the U.S. and from other countries were inoculated on 18 soybean lines with known resistance genes. Differences were observed in disease reactions, severity and aggressiveness, this allowed for the rust isolates to be placed into groups based upon virulence pattern and aggressiveness. Screening additional soybean lines revealed ten lines were resistant to isolates in most of the aggressiveness groups. This information is important to soybean pathologists and breeders interested in developing soybean lines with broad resistance to soybean rust isolates that differ in virulence and aggressiveness.

Technical Abstract: A major constraint in breeding for resistance to soybean rust has been the virulence diversity in Phakopsora pachyrhizi populations. In a greenhouse experiment, reactions of 18 soybean genotypes to 24 U.S. isolates collected 2007-2008 and four foreign isolates were compared. Reactions of four differentials to these U.S. isolates were also compared with reactions to nine foreign isolates and three U.S. isolates from 2004. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the infection types grouped the U.S. isolates into a single virulence group, whereas each of the foreign isolates had a unique virulence pattern. In another experiment, reactions to the 24 U.S. isolates were compared using a set of 11 soybean differentials. There were significant interactions (P < 0.001) between the isolates and host genotypes for rust severity and uredinia densities, and the 24 isolates were assigned to either seven or six aggressiveness groups from PCA of the two respective measures of disease. Evaluation of 20 soybean genotypes for resistance to the previously established aggressive groups identified 10 genotypes resistant to isolates representing most of the groups. This study confirmed the pathogenic diversity in P. pachyrhizi populations and identified soybean germplasm with resistance to representative U.S. isolates that can be used in breeding.