GENETIC EFFECTS OF THIRTEEN GOSSYPIUM BARBADENSE L. CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION LINES IN TOPCROSSES WITH UPLAND COTTON CULTIVARS: II. FIBER QUALITY TRAITS

Authors: Jenkins, Johnie; McCarty, Jack; WU, JIXIANG - MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV; Saha, Sukumar; Gutierrez, Osman; Hayes, Russell - Russ; STELLY, D - TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/22/2007
Publication Date: 4/1/2007
Citation: Jenkins, J.N., McCarty Jr., J.C., Wu, J., Saha, S., Gutierrez, O.A., Hayes, R.W., Stelly, D.M. 2007. Genetic effects of thirteen Gossypium barbadense L. chromosome substitution lines in topcrosses with upland cotton cultivars: II. Fiber quality traits. Crop Science. 47:561-572.

Interpretive Summary: Elite cultivars of Gossypium barbadense L. are lower in yield, but higher in fiber quality then elite upland cotton, G. hirsutum, cultivars. Breeders have only had limited success from crosses of these two species in cotton cultivar improvement. Thirteen chromosome substitution (CS-B) lines with whole or sections of individual 3-79 Gossypium barbadense L. chromosomes substituted into an upland line TM-1 were crossed with 5 elite upland cultivars and additive and dominance effects for fiber quality traits of micronaire, elongation, length, and strength were measured over 4 environments. Additive genetic effects were considerably larger than dominance or environmental interaction effects. This is a positive effect for cotton breeding. Fiber strength of 3-79 and FM966, the highest strength cultivar, were 282 and 240 k Nm kg-1, respectively. FM966 had greater additive effects for fiber length (1.13 mm) and strength (12.90 k Nm kg-1) than any CS-B line; however, CS-B 25 had the greatest additive effects (8.97 kNm kg-1) for strength among CS-B lines. Several CS-B lines had negative additive effects on strength. When individual CS-B lines were crossed with elite cultivars beneficial alleles for fiber quality properties were uncovered on specific chromosomes or specific sections that should aid breeders in the introgression of alleles from 3-79 into upland to improve fiber quality. The use of these lines alleviates many, but not all, of the problems that have been encountered in attempts to introgress genes for fiber improvement from G. barbadense into upland cotton.

Technical Abstract: Thirteen chromosome substitution lines (CS-B) lines with individual 3-79 Gossypium barbadense L. chromosome or arms substituted into TM-1, G. hirsutum L., were crossed with 5 upland cultivars and additive and dominance effects for fiber micronaire, elongation, length, and strength were measured over 4 environments. Additive genetic effects were considerably larger than dominance or environmental interaction effects. Fiber strength of 3-79 and FM966, the best cultivar, were 282 and 240 k Nm kg-1, respectively. FM966 had greater additive effects for fiber length (1.13 mm) and strength (12.90 k Nm kg-1) than any CS-B line; however, CS-B 25 had the greatest additive effects (8.97 kNm kg-1) for strength among CS-B lines. The greatest negative additive effect for fiber length was -1.29 mm (CS-B22sh). Although several CS-B lines had negative additive effects on strength, none was more negative than TM-1 (-5.31 k Nm kg-1). CS-B02 and CS-B25 had additive effects on strength of 2.36 and 8.97 k Nm kg-1. SG747 had the greatest negative additive effect (-12.13 k Nm kg-1) for strength among cultivars and CS-B lines. CS-B02, CS-B07, and CS-B18 had negative additive effects for fiber strength but had significant and positive SCA effects with FM966. When individual CS-B lines were crossed with elite cultivars beneficial alleles for fiber properties were uncovered on specific chromosomes or chromosome arms that should aid introgression of alleles from 3-79 into upland.