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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Beltsville, Maryland (BHNRC) » Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center » Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #321674
Title: Metabolite changes in nine different soybean cultivars grown under field and greenhouse conditions

Author
item K.M., MARIAJOHN - Us Forest Service (FS)
item NATARAJAN, SAVI - US Department Of Agriculture (USDA)
item Luthria, Devanand - Dave

Submitted to: Food Chemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/10/2016
Publication Date: 5/12/2016
Citation: K.M., M., Natarajan, S., Luthria, D.L. 2016. Metabolite changes in nine different soybean cultivars grown under field and greenhouse conditions. Food Chemistry. 211:347-355.

Interpretive Summary: Soybeans are one of the major foods consumed in many Asian countries. Soybeans are an excellent source of protein, high levels of essential fatty acids, carbohydrates, numerous vitamins, minerals, isoflavones, and fiber. They are the world's largest source of animal protein feed and the second largest source of vegetable oil. The US is the leading soybean producer and exporter. Changes in the primary (amino acids, organic acids, and sugars) and secondary (isoflavones, fatty acid methyl esters) metabolites of nine soybean varieties grown in the field and greenhouse were investigated. Metabolic fingerprints from three chromatographic methods (GC, GC-MS, and LC-MS) were analyzed by chemometrics tools to identify distribution patterns. The amino acids, sugars, fatty acid methyl esters, and isoflavones showed significant variation between field and greenhouse grown soybean samples. The results show that clustering patterns based on the metabolic profiles were significantly influenced by genetic variation in soybeans.

Technical Abstract: Differences in the primary (amino acids, organic acids, and sugars) and secondary (isoflavones, fatty acid methyl esters) metabolites of nine soybean varieties grown in the field and in greenhouses were investigated by chemometric tools to identify the metabolic patterns associated with the growing conditions and cultivars. A total of 10 primary and 10 secondary identified metabolites contributed to variations between the samples based on Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) values from Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). Sugar molecules such as glucose, sucrose, and pinitol were increased with the greenhouse cultivation of the soybeans whereas amino acids and organic acids varied between the cultivars. Among the identified isoflavones, the level of glucosides decreased in most of the greenhouse cultivated plants but the level of aglycons were marginally increased. The results show that clustering patterns of soybeans metabolites were significantly influenced by the genetic variation and growing conditions.