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ARS Home » Midwest Area » East Lansing, Michigan » Sugarbeet and Bean Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #115515
Title: EVALUATION OF TWO RECOMBINANT INBRED POPULATIONS OF KIDNEY BEAN

Author
item POSA, M - MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
item Hosfield, George
item KELLY, J - MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
item GRAFTON, K - N DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Bean Improvement Cooperative Annual Report
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/1/2000
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Dark and light red kidney beans account for a sizable production and consumption in the U.S. Light red kidney is used in chili products; dark red kidney is used exclusively as a dish on restaurant salad bars. In order to be acceptable in commerce, kidney bean cultivars must yield between 2,000 and 3,000 pounds per acre, meet strict seed size, shape, and color criteria, and have exceptional processing quality. We conducted a study on breeding lines from two populations of kidney bean to see how they measured up to yield and quality expectations of processors and consumers. Population 1 had 75 lines and resulted from crossing the cultivars, Montcalm by California Dark Red Kidney. All 75 lines were dark red in color. Population 2 had 73 lines and resulted from crossing Montcalm by California Early Light Red Kidney. Some lines had light red while others had dark red kidney seed characteristics. A statistical treatment of data of both populations by a technique called the analysis of variance reveale real differences between lines for yield, seed size, and appearance after processing. Differences occurred because of the unique complement of genes in each breeding line that controlled trait expression. Genotypes also interacted with the environment for the traits; thus, reducing the predictability of a line's performance across environments. Significant variation for measured traits, in this case, yield, seed wt, and bean appearance allows the plant breeder to practice directional selection for further improvement. A knowledge of the way a breeding line reacts to its growing environment both in terms of magnitude and direction (either good or poor) aids the breeder in allocating resources for selection and testing procedures, thus, increasing the efficiency of the breeding program.

Technical Abstract: Dark and light red kidney beans are major market classes in the U.S. These beans are used extensively in chili products (light red kidney) and restaurant salad bar dishes (dark red kidney), respectively. Yield and processing quality of kidney beans are important traits to growers, breeders, shippers, and processors. Two recombinant inbred populations of kidney beans were developed and studied to ascertain agronomic performance and processing quality. The crosses, Montcalm x California Dark Red Kidney 82 (Population 1) and Montcalm x California Early Light Red Kidney (Population 2) generated 75 and 73 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), respectively. The experiments were planted in Michigan in 1996, 1997, and 1998 and in Minnestota in 1996. Data were taken on yield, 100-seed wt, and processing quality. Processing quality was the overall appearance of canned beans and was scored on a 1-7 scale to represent the minimum and maximum acceptability levels, respectively. Genotypes and genotype x environment interactions were significant for the three traits (yield, seed wt, and appearance). In Population 1, three lines, based on appearance of canned beans, consistently performed in the top 25% in all environments. Four lines in Population 2 were consistently in the top 25% in all four environments, also based on appearance. Line 1-90 had consistently better processing quality than Montcalm, the better processing parent, although its yield (1,890 lbs. per acre) was lower than Montcalm (2,366 lbs. per acre) and California Dark Red Kidney (2,384 lbs. per acre). RAPD primers were used to amplify DNA from these RILs. Polymorphisms were found to be of low incidence in Population 1. This is probably due to the narrow genetic base of kidney beans.