Skip to main content
ARS Home » Plains Area » Lincoln, Nebraska » Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #116978
Title: GENETIC ANALYSIS OF FEED QUALITY AND SEED SIZE IN SORGHUM INBRED LINES AND HYBRIDS USING ANALYTICAL METHODS AND NIRS

Author
item HICKS, CHINDO - KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
item TUINSTRA, MITCHELL - KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
item Pedersen, Jeffrey
item Dowell, Floyd
item KOFOID, KEN - KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Euphytica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/4/2001
Publication Date: 10/1/2002
Citation: HICKS, C., TUINSTRA, M.R., PEDERSEN, J.F., DOWELL, F.E., KOFOID, K. GENETIC ANALYSIS OF FEED QUALITY AND SEED SIZE IN SORGHUM INBRED LINES AND HYBRIDS USING ANALYTICAL METHODS AND NIRS. EUPHYTICA. 2002.

Interpretive Summary: Eight lines of grain sorghum and their F1 hybrids were evaluated for contents of crude protein, fat, and starch; protein digestibility; and in vitro dry matter disappearance. The effect of seed weight on these traits and the potential use of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy to predict them also were investigated. The five male lines included three lines with normal seed size and two lines with large seeds. The three female lines were common U.S. seed parents. The lines and their hybrids were grown under dryland conditions at Kansas State University experiment fields in Ashland and Belleville, Kansas, in 1999. The male parent lines were highly variable and expressed high levels of genetic variation in combining ability for crude protein, protein digestibility, starch, and seed weight. The female parents were genetically more uniform; however, general combining ability effects were noted for protein digestibility and seed weight. Higher crude protein was associated with higher seed weight. Higher crude protein and seed weight was associated with lower starch content. High fat was associated with high in vitro dry matter disappearance. Near infrared reflectance technology accurately predicted crude protein, but not fat content or in vitro dry matter disappearance.

Technical Abstract: Eight lines of grain sorghum and their F1 hybrids were evaluated for contents of crude protein (CP), fat (FAT), and starch (STA); protein digestibility (PD); and in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD). The effect of seed weight (SW) on these traits and the potential use of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict them also were investigated. The male lines included three normal-seeded lines (TX2737, TX435, and P954063) and two large-seeded lines (PL-1 and Eastin1). The female lines included common U.S. seed parent lines (Wheatland, Redlan, and SA3042). The lines and their hybrids were grown under dryland conditions at Kansas State University experiment fields in Ashland and Belleville, Kansas, in 1999. The experiments were conducted using a randomized complete block design with four replications at each location. The effect of genotype was significant for all measured traits. The male parent lines were highly variable and expressed high levels of genetic variation in combining ability for CP, PD, STA, and SW. The female parents were genetically more uniform; however, significant general combining ability effects were noted for PD and SW. Significant negative correlations were noted between CP and STA and between SW and STA. Significant positive correlations were found between CP and SW and between FAT and IVDMD. Crude protein content was predicted accurately by NIRS. Fat content and IVDMD could not be predicted by NIRS. The NIRS equations based on ground samples were more accurate than those based on whole-seed samples.