Author
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Knight, Alan |
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Submitted to: Journal of British Columbia Entomological Society
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal Publication Acceptance Date: 9/15/2002 Publication Date: 12/1/2002 Citation: Knight, A.L. 2002. Flight tunnel and field evaluations of sticky traps for monitoring codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in sex pheromone-treated orchards. Journal of British Columbia Entomological Society. 99:107-116. Interpretive Summary: Inexpensive and potent lures baited with the sex pheromone of codling moth have used to monitor this pest in apple and per orchards for nearly 30 years. Moth counts are used to both time and to recommend the application of insecticide sprays. Effective monitoring of codling moth in orchards treated with sex pheromone dispensers is extremely important. Unfortunately, the most widely used lure, red rubber septa, allows the chemical deterioration of the sex pheromone and lures lose their attractancy after a short time period. The gray halo-butyl elastomer septa provide improved chemical protection of codling moth¿s sex pheromone and our study shows that these lures are both long-lived and effective. Technical Abstract: The emission rate, isomeric stability, and relative attractiveness of field-aged gray halo-butyl elastomer and red rubber septa loaded with codlemone, the major sex pheromone component for codling moth, Cydia pomonella L., were evaluated. Initially, field-aged red septa loaded with 10.0 mg had higher emission rates than gray septa loaded with 4.0 mg codlemone. Emission rates of codlemone decayed over time from both lures and were similar for lures aged 28-42 d in the field. Isomerization of E8,E10-12:OH occurred rapidly in red septa but did not occur in the gray septa. Moth capture in traps baited with either lure type aged in the field did not differ initially (0 and 7 d), but were significantly lower in traps baited with 14, 28, and 42 d-old red versus gray septa. Significant differences observed in the attractiveness of these two types of field-aged lures were primarily due to changes in their isomeric purity and not to differences in their emission rate. Increasing the codlemone load of gray septa up to 20.0 mg did not improve the performance of lures in sex pheromone-treated orchards. All lures were effective for 10 wks. Loading gray septa with 50.0 mg codlemone increased lure attractiveness and extended its longevity to 16 wks. Proprietary gray septa loaded with a high rate of pheromone and replaced once per season were more attractive than the standard 10.0 mg loaded red septa replaced three times in a sex pheromone-treated orchard. |
