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Submitted to: Entomological Society of America Proceedings
Publication Type: Abstract Only Publication Acceptance Date: 1/19/2005 Publication Date: 1/19/2005 Citation: Chen, M. 2005. Genomic analysis of the salivary gland secretome from hessian fly (mayetiola destructor (say)) larvae. Entomological Society of America Proceedings. Abstract Only Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: Successful pathogens and parasitic arthropods require genes coding for effector proteins that compromise the hosts’ ability to defend themselves, and also require the ability to change these proteins in response to a detrimental change in a host. The Hessian fly [Mayetiola destructor (Say)], one of the most destructive pests of wheat, is very successful in adaptation to changes in host plants. Molecular analysis of genes expressed in the salivary glands of Hessian fly larvae revealed a large number of genes coding for effector proteins (elicitors). Multiple members of elicitor gene families are clustered within short chromosomal regions in the Hessian fly genome. Diversifying selection on the cluster members has resulted in proteins with diverse functions. A synchronized mechanism appears to regulate the elicitor genes exclusively expressed in the salivary glands of the first instar larvae, a critical stage that determines whether an interaction with a specific wheat cultivar is compatible or incompatible. The unusual structure, unique expression profile, and highly polymorphic nature of these elicitor genes suggest that they are likely the determinants of virulent/avirulent phenotypes associated with different Hessian fly biotypes. In addition, the super-diversity specific to the protein coding regions among family members and the unique arrangement of these members within the genome indicated a programmed mechanism to generate super-diversification in elicitor genes to overcome changes in host plants. |
