Technical Abstract: Computer vision is becoming increasingly important in the poultry industry due to increasing use and speed of automation in processing operations. Growing awareness of food safety concerns has helped add food safety inspection to the list of tasks that automated computer vision can assist. Research to develop the technology has included multiple approaches including spectroscopy and spectral imaging. Case studies presented in this book chapter focus on recent research targeting line-scan imaging for two food safety applications in poultry processing operations: automated wholesomeness inspection and fecal contamination detection for freshly slaughtered birds. Current research has demonstrated the feasibility of spectral line-scan imaging to detect unwholesome conditions and fecal contamination on high speed bird processing lines. Successful commercialization of these technologies has great potential that benefits multiple aspects of poultry processing.