Author
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Cray, Paula |
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Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only Publication Acceptance Date: 10/4/2011 Publication Date: 10/27/2011 Citation: Cray, P.J. 2011. Antimicrobial resistance of foodborne pathogens in the United States [abstract]. International Meeting of the Korean Society of Veterinary Science and The Korean Academy of Science and Technology. October 27-28, 2011, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance has become a global concern since antibiotics were first introduced for clinical treatment of human and animal infections. Surveillance systems that monitor for antimicrobial resistance are often quite valuable. In 1996, three U.S. federal agencies: the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) collaborated to establish the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System – Enteric Bacteria (NARMS). NARMS is a national public health surveillance system in the United States that tracks changes in the susceptibility of certain enteric bacteria to antimicrobial agents of human and veterinary medical importance. Monitoring is conducted for several enteric foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella and Campylobacter. Generic Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Enterococcus are also tested primarily for their potential to serve as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes for bacterial pathogens. Additional details about NARMS can be found at http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/SafetyHealth/AntimicrobialResistance/ NationalAntimicrobialResistanceMonitoringSystem/default.htm. Salmonella was selected as the sentinel organism for NARMS. The NARMS Executive Report for 2009 is a compilation of data from all three components of NARMS (human, retail and animal). This report highlights important findings including resistance to three major classes of antimicrobials (cephems, quinolones, and potentiated sulfonamides) which are important for treatment of salmonellosis particularly in the young, elderly and immunocompromised. Multiple drug resistance, and in particular penta-resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, streptomycin and tetracycline (ACSSuT; which is associated with more severe and invasive disease in humans) is also tracked. During 2009, NARMS tested 2,192 isolates of non-typhoidal Salmonella from humans, 489 from retail meats, and 992 from food animals. Two antimicrobial classes of antimicrobials are important for treating Campylobacter infections in humans and include the quinolones and macrolides. The NARMS Executive report also compiles data on susceptibility for these drugs. During 2009, NARMS tested 1,159 Campylobacter isolates from humans, 541 from retail poultry, and 106 from chickens at slaughter. Additional information on resistance among generic E. coli isolates (which are not considered foodborne pathogens but may be reservoirs of resistance genes that can be transferred between bacteria) can also be found in the report. The NARMS executive Report for 2009 can be accessed at http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AnimalVeterinary/SafetyHealth/AntimicrobialResistance/NationalAntimicrobialResistanceMonitoringSystem/UCM268954.pdf. Highlights from the report will be presented. |
