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Title: Retrospective view of North American potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) breeding in the 20th and 21st centuries

Author
item HIRSCH, CANDICE - Michigan State University
item HIRSCH, CORY - Michigan State University
item FELCHER, KIMBERLY - Michigan State University
item COOMBS, JOSEPH - Michigan State University
item ZARKA, DAN - Michigan State University
item VAN DEYNZE, ALLEN - University Of California
item DE JONG, WALTER - Cornell University
item VEILLEUX, RICHARD - Virginia Polytechnic Institution & State University
item Jansky, Shelley
item Bethke, Paul
item DOUCHES, DAVID - Michigan State University
item BUELL, C - Michigan State University

Submitted to: Genes, Genomes, Genetics
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/8/2013
Publication Date: 4/15/2013
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/56858
Citation: Hirsch, C.N., Hirsch, C.D., Felcher, K., Coombs, J., Zarka, D., Van Deynze, A., De Jong, W., Veilleux, R.E., Jansky, S.H., Bethke, P.C., Douches, D.S., Buell, C.R. 2013. Retrospective view of North American potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) breeding in the 20th and 21st centuries. Genes, Genomes, Genetics. 3(6):1003-1013.

Interpretive Summary: A large number of genetic markers was evaluated in a set of 250 potato varieties and breeding lines. Overall heterozygosity has not changed in over 150 years of breeding. However, selection in the past 50 years for specific traits such as yellow tuber flesh color and processing traits has led to major genetic changes. Selection pressure is stronger in russets than in chip cultivars and this was revealed by larger genetic changes in chip cultivars. Surprisingly, wild potato relatives were found to be more homozygous than breeding lines.

Technical Abstract: Cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), a vegetatively propagated autotetraploid, has been bred for distinct market classes including fresh market, pigmented flesh, and processing varieties. Breeding efforts have relied on phenotypic selection of populations developed from intra- and inter-market class crosses and introgressions of wild and cultivated Solanum relatives. To retrospectively explore the effects of potato breeding at the genome level, we used 8,303 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to genotype a panel of 250 lines with release dates ranging from 1857 to 2011.