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ARS Home » Plains Area » Fargo, North Dakota » Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center » Cereal Crops Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #300640
Title: Analysis of deoxynivalenol and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside in hard red spring wheat inoculated with Fusarium graminearum

Author
item OVANDO-MARTINEZ, MARIBEL - North Dakota State University
item OZSISLI, BAHRI - Kahramanmaras Sutcu University
item ANDERSON, JAMES - University Of Minnesota
item WHITNEY, KRISTIN - North Dakota State University
item Ohm, Jae-Bom
item SIMSEK, SENAY - North Dakota State University

Submitted to: Toxins
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/11/2013
Publication Date: 12/17/2013
Publication URL: https://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/58252
Citation: Ovando-Martinez, M., Ozsisli, B., Anderson, J., Whitney, K., Ohm, J.-B., Simsek, S. 2013. Analysis of deoxynivalenol and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside in hard red spring wheat inoculated with Fusarium graminearum. Toxins. 5:2522-2532.

Interpretive Summary: Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin which is produced by plant pathogens such as Fusarium species. The "masked" mycotoxin deoxinyvalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) is formed from plant defense mechanism to detoxify the toxin. These two mycotoxins are important from the food safety point of view since they can harm human and animal health. The aim of this research was to analyze effect of wheat line, growing location, and their interaction on variation of DON and D3G content in hard spring wheat. Wheat samples that were artificially infected with two Fusarium species were collected from two locations during three different years in Minnesota, USA. Wheat DON was analyzed by two methods, a gas chromatography (GC) and a liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS). The two methods showed a high reproducibility indicating that those methods could analyze DON content precisely. The wheat DON and D3G contents showed a curvilinear relationship, meaning that increase of DON content did not accompany with increase of D3G content among wheat lines which had higher susceptibility to Fusarium. Wheat lines having less susceptibility to Fusarium showed the opposite trend. Individual wheat lines had different DON and D3G content consistently across growing locations. The most important factor affecting variation of wheat DON and D3G content was the growing location. In conclusion, environmental condition during wheat growth was most important factor influencing wheat DON and D3G contents in response to Fusarium infection.

Technical Abstract: Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin which isproduced by plant pathogens such as Fusarium species. The formation of the "masked" mycotoxin deoxinyvalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) results from a defense mechanism the plant uses for detoxification. These two mycotoxins are important from the food safety point of view. The aim of this research was to analyze effect of wheat line, growing location, and their interaction on variation of DON and D3G content in hard spring wheat. Wheat samples that were inoculated with two Fusarium species were collected from two locations during three different years in Minnesota, USA. Wheat DON was analyzed by a gas chromatography (GC) and a liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS). Regression analysis showed a high and positive correlation between DON content measured with LC-MS and GC methods. The wheat DON and D3G content data could be fitted to a second order polynomial curve, meaning that increase of DON content did not accompany with increase of D3G content among wheat lines which had higher susceptibility to Fusarium. Wheat lines having less susceptibility to Fusarium showed the opposite trend. Analysis of variance indicated that wheat line and location have greater effect on variation of DON and D3G than their interaction effect. The most important factor affecting wheat DON and D3G content was the growing location. In conclusion, environmental condition during wheat growth was most important factor influencing wheat DON and D3G contents in response to Fusarium infection.