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Title: COMPARISON OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PATTERNS IN CAMPYLOBACTER SPECIES ISOLATED FROM BROILER CHICKENS IN 1999 AND 2000

Author
item Cray, Paula
item HEADRICK, MARCIA - FDA-CVM
item ANADARAMAN, N - USDA-FSIS
item Englen, Mark

Submitted to: Emerging Infectious Diseases
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/20/2002
Publication Date: 2/2/2002
Citation: Cray, P.J., Headrick, M.L., Anadaraman, N., Englen, M.D. 2002. Comparison of antimicrobial resistance patterns in campylobacter species isolated from broiler chickens in 1999 and 2000. Emerging Infectious Diseases. Board 26. P. 135-136.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance has been increasing in many bacteria. The National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System - Enteric Bacteria (NARMS) was established to monitor for emerging resistance in food borne and commensal bacteria of human and animal origin. The animal arm of NARMS conducted antimicrobial sysceptibility testing on Campylobacter species isolated from broiler chicken carcass rinses collected at federally inspected slaughter and processing plants in 1999 (c. jejuni n=77; C. coli n=19) and 2000 (C. jejunni n=90; c. coli n=16). All isolates were tested for sysceptibility to eight antimicrobials: azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline using the E-test (AB Biodisk) as per manufacturer and NARMS protocol. Data were analyzed by dividing the US into regions representing the Northeast (Region 1: R1), Southeast (Region 2; R2), Central North (Region 3;R3), Central South (Region 4; R4), and West (Region 5; R5). More isolates of C.jejuni were available than C.coli in R2 and R4 (representing regions with the highest broiler production) for both years. For C. jejuni, total numbers by region for 1999 and 2000, respectively, were R1-14 and 9, R2-32 and 39, R3-4 and 6, R4-25 and 29, and R5-2 and 7. For C. coli, total numbers by region for 1999 and 2000, respectively were R1-2 and 1, R2-9 and 10, R3-3 and 0, R4-3 and 5, and R5 2 and 0, respectively. In both years, all isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol and gentamicin. Resistance to other antimicrobials varies by year and district; however, isolates were more resistant to tetracycline than any other antimicrobial. For C. jejuni, total numbers of isolates were more resistant to tetracycline than any other antimicoribal. For C. jejuni, total numbers of isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin were 9 for 1999 and 10 for 2000. Multiple resistance (defined as resistance to 2 or more antimicrobials) among C. jejuni varied vetween regions for both years. Total number of C. coli resisant to ciprofloxacin decreased from 1999 (5) to 2000(1). For both years, multiple resistance as hightest in R2 for C. coli isolates. Regional distribution indicates that a majority of the isolates originated from the Southeasst (R2) and Central South (R4) which correlates with the major poultry production areas. The relatively low numnbers of isolates from R1, R3 and R5 confound analysis of the data. Collectively, there appears to be little variation among resistance patterns throughout the regions with the exception of multiple resistance in C. coli as multiple resistance was observed in all 5 regions for 1999 and while only in R2 and R4 in 2000. Continued monitoring and increasing total numbers for isolates tested is warranted.