Author
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Knight, Alan |
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Submitted to: International Symposium on Integrated Fruit Production
Publication Type: Proceedings Publication Acceptance Date: 8/15/2004 Publication Date: 6/1/2006 Citation: Knight, A.L. 2006. Codling moth management: from I.H.E.L.P. to M.A.P.S. to A.K.I.S.S. IOBC/WRPS Bulletin 28(7): 289-292. Interpretive Summary: Recently, the population density of codling moth has increased in many apple orchards in Washington State and growers have increased their use of insecticides to supplement their use of sex pheromones. Thus new, more effective approaches are needed to improve the use of sex pheromones and to develop other plant-based chemicals to further reduce the use of insecticides. Researchers at the USDA - ARS Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, Wapato, WA, are evaluating methods of dispensing pheromone to manage codling moth. One approach is the use of an internal grid of clusters of sex pheromone dispensers. This approach has been tested for three years and has been as effective as the standard use of hand-applied dispensers and has reduced the cost of applying dispensers by 35%. A second approach is the use of microencapsulated sex pheromone formulations applied in an ultra low volume of water. This approach has increased the total deposition of capsules within the tree canopy and has significantly improved the performance of sprayables. A third approach is to use the pear ester in combination with sex pheromone to attract and kill male and female codling moths. This approach would reduce the total amount of insecticide used in orchards and shows some promise. Technical Abstract: Three new approaches to manage codling moth with semiochemicals are being investigated. The I.H.E.L.P. (Internal High Emission Low Point) strategy is the use of an internal grid of clusters of sex pheromone dispensers. This approach has been tested for three yeears and has been as effective as the standard use of 500 - 1,000 hand-applied dispensers and has reduced the cost of using sex pheromones. M.A.P.S. (Multiple Attractive Point Sources) is the use of microencapsulated sex pheromone formulations applied in an ultra low volume of water. This approach has increased the total deposition of capsules and significantly improved the performance of sprayables. A.K.I.S.S. (Attractive Killing Interception Sensory Station) is the use of the pear ester in combination with codlemone to attract and kill male and female codling moths that contact insecticide-impregnated stations. This approach is still being improved and offers a new tool to manage codling moth. |
