ARS | Publication request: BIOAVAILABILITY OF ANTHOCYANINS FROM RAW AND COOKED PURPLE CARROTS.

Submitted to: United States-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: December 14, 2004
Publication Date: December 14, 2004
Citation: Clevidence, B.A., Kurilich, A.C., Britz, S., Simon, P.W., Novotny Dura, J. 2004. Bioavailability of anthocyanins from raw and cooked purple carrots. Proceedings of the 33rd U.S.-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources. UJNR 33:171-174.

Technical Abstract: The bioavailability of anthocyanins from purple carrots was studied in 12 adults. Treatments were 250 g raw, 250 g cooked, and 500 g cooked carrots providing 357 to 714 micromol anthocyanins; subjects consumed each treatment in a crossover design. Four of the five anthocyanins (all cyanidin derivatives) were found intact in plasma and peaked between 1.5 and 2.5 h. On average, 0.03% of the anthocyanin dose was recovered in urine. For total anthocyanin response, no differences among treatments were observed for plasma area under the concentration time curve, peak plasma concentration, or 24-h urinary excretion. Thus, absorption of anthocyanins from whole carrots is limited, possibly by saturation for doses at or above ~350 micromol (400 mg), but the bioavailability of anthocyanins from purple carrots is similar to that from other anthocyanin-rich foods.