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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Davis, California » Western Human Nutrition Research Center » Obesity and Metabolism Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #185790
Title: COMPARISON OF ISOTOPE DILUTION WITH BIOIMPEDNACE SPECTROSCOPY AND ANTHROPOMETRY FOR ASSESSMENT OF BODY COMPOSITION IN ASYMPTOMAIC HIV-UNINFECTED BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS

Author
item PAPATHAKIS, PEGGY - UNIV. OF CALIF. DAVIS
item ROLLINS, NIGEL - AFRICAN CNT FOR HEALTH
item BROWN, KENNETH - UNIV. OF CALIF. DAVIS
item BENNISH, MICHAEL - AFRICAN CNT FOR HEALTH
item Van Loan, Marta

Submitted to: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/2/2005
Publication Date: 7/19/2005
Citation: Papathakis, P.C., Rollins, N.C., Brown, K.H., Bennish, M.L., Van Loan, M.D. 2005. COMPARISON OF ISOTOPE DILUTION WITH BIOIMPEDNACE SPECTROSCOPY AND ANTHROPOMETRY FOR ASSESSMENT OF BODY COMPOSITION IN ASYMPTOMAIC HIV-UNINFECTED BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 82, No. 3, 538-546.

Interpretive Summary: Monitoring nutritional status of individuals with chronic and or acute illness can be difficult. Many clinicians and physicians do not have the training or expertise by which to make an appropriate selection of methods and or techniques to use. This is especially difficult with HIV patients, many of whom are not AIDS symptomatic and otherwise appear to have “normal” body weight and composition. Added to this difficulty is a limited number of techniques are available for use on breastfeeding mothers. Therefore, we study a group of HIV infected breastfeeding mothers in South African to determine if a quick, non-invasive measure of the body’s electrical resistance could be used to monitor changes in nutritional status and body composition. The body’s electrical resistance was measured with an instrument called a bioimpedance meter. Data collected from the bioimpedance was compared to more standard laboratory techniques. Of particular interest was the ability of the bioimedance meter to detect changes in the body’s fluid balance. Often times changes in fluid balance can signal more complex changes yet undetected. The comparison of bioimpedance measured fluid balance was compared to standard isotope techniques. A secondary outcome was to develop a prediction equation for use in the field setting encountered in South Africa. Results demonstrated excellent agreement between the bioimpedance meter and laboratory isotope techniques for assessment of total body water, lean mass, and fat mass. A prediction equation using measurement so f body circumference and limb circumferences was also developed to be used in field setting.

Technical Abstract: The effect of breastfeeding on the nutrition of HIV-infected (HIV+) mothers is unknown. Simple, valid methods are needed for body composition assessment of HIV+ women. We compared the ability of bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and anthropometry with that of isotope dilution (2H20) to measure fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) in HIV+ and HIV-uninfected (HVI-) breastfeeding South African nothers. Total body water (TBW) content of 68 lactating mothers (20 HIV+, 48 HIV-) was measured 10 weeks after delivery by using BIS, and 2H2O to measure FFM and FM. Anthropomettric measurements included body mass index 9BMI kg.m2), midupper arm circumference (MUAC), and 4 skinfold thicknesses. TBW, FFM, and FM measurements determined by BIS were correlated with 2H2O in HIV+ (r=0.664, 0.621, 0.872, respectively; p, 0.01) and HIV- (r=0.876, 0.868, 0.932, respecyively p < 0.001) mothers. TBW measured by BIS was greater than that measured by 2H2O method in both HIV+ (1.8L) and HIV- (1.5 L) women; FM or FFM did not differ significantly by method. BMI, MUAC, and all skinfold thickness measurements correlated strongly 9r . 0.62, p < 0.001) with Fm measured by 2H2O in both groups. BKI and MUAC correlated (r> 0.64, p< 0.001) with FFm in HIV- mothers but not in HIV+ mothers. In HIV+ and HIB- breastfeeding mothers, BIS provides an estimate of body composition comparable to that obtained with the 2H2O method. BMI and MUAC are useful in predicting FM in both groups, but are not valid measurements of FFM in HIV+ mothers.