Research Project: Developing and Refining Technologies for Sustainable Fish Growth in Closed Containment Systems

Location: Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture Research

Publications (Clicking on the reprint icon will take you to the publication reprint.)

The effects of swimming exercise and dissolved oxygen on growth performance, fin condition, and survival of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Waldrop, T., Summerfelt, S., Mazik, P., Kenney, P., Good, C. 2020. The effects of swimming exercise and dissolved oxygen on growth performance, fin condition, and survival of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture Research. 51(6):2582-2589. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.14600.

Assessing peracetic acid for controlling post-vaccination Saprolegnia spp.-associated mortality in juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in freshwater recirculation aquaculture systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Good, C., Davidson, J., Straus, D.L., Harper, S.B., Marancik, D., Welch, T.J., Peterson, B.C., Pedersen, L., Lepine, C., Redman, N., Meinelt, T., Liu, D., Summerfelt, S. 2020. Assessing peracetic acid for controlling post-vaccination Saprolegnia spp.-associated mortality in juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in freshwater recirculation aquaculture systems. Aquaculture Research. 00:1-4. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.14567.

Denitrifying bioreactor inflow manifold design influences treatment of aquacultural wastewater - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Lepine, C.A., Christianson, L., Mcisaac, G., Summerfelt, S. 2019. Denitrifying bioreactor inflow manifold design influences treatment of aquacultural wastewater. Aquacultural Engineering. 88:102036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2019.102036.

Hydrodynamics of Atlantic salmon culture tank: Effect of inlet nozzle angle on the velocity field - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Gorle, J., Terjesen, B., Summerfelt, S. 2019. Hydrodynamics of Atlantic salmon culture tank: Effect of inlet nozzle angle on the velocity field. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 158:79-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2019.01.046.

Evaluating the microbial effects of stocking freshwater snails (Physa gyrina) in water reuse systems culturing rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Davidson, J., Plautz, C., Grimm, C.C., Jorgensen, N.G., Podduturi, R., Raines, C., Snader, R., Good, C., Summerfelt, S. 2018. Evaluating the microbial effects of stocking freshwater snails (Physa gyrina) in water reuse systems culturing rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal of Applied Aquaculture. 31(2):97-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/10454438.2018.1541771.

Woodchip bioreactors as treatment for recirculating aquaculture systems’ wastewater: A cost assessment of nitrogen removal - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Lepine, C.A., Christianson, L.E., Davidson, J.W., Summerfelt, S.T. 2018. Woodchip bioreactors as treatment for recirculating aquaculture systems’ wastewater: A cost assessment of nitrogen removal. Aquacultural Engineering. 83:85-92. doi:10.1016/j.aquaeng.2018.09.001.

The effects of carbon dioxide on growth performance, welfare, and health of Atlantic salmon post-smolt (Salmo salar) in recirculating aquaculture systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Mota, V., Nilsen, T., Gerwins, J., Gallo, M., Ytteborg, E., Baeverfjord, G., Kolarevic, J., Summerfelt, S., Terjesen, B. 2019. The effects of carbon dioxide on growth performance, welfare, and health of Atlantic salmon post-smolt (Salmo salar) in recirculating aquaculture systems. Aquaculture. 498:578-586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.08.075.

Qualifying the design of a floating closedcontainment fish farm using computational fluid dynamics - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Gorle, J., Terjesen, B., Holan, A., Berge, A., Summerfelt, S. 2018. Qualifying the design of a floating closedcontainment fish farm using computational fluid dynamics. Biosystems Engineering. 175:63-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2018.08.012.

Hydrodynamics of octagonal culture tanks with Cornell-type dual-drain system - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Gorle, J.M., Terjesen, B.F., Summerfelt, S.T. 2018. Hydrodynamics of octagonal culture tanks with Cornell-type dual-drain system. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 151:354-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2018.06.012.

Recirculating Aquaculture (4th edition) - (Book / Chapter)
Timmons, M.B., Guerdat, T., Vinci, B.J. 2018. Recirculating Aquaculture (4th edition). Ithaca: Ithaca Publishing Company. 775 p.

RAS report card - How RAS deployments have evolved to make business case for adoption - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T., Terjesen, B.F. 2018. RAS report card - How RAS deployments have evolved to make business case for adoption. Hatchery International Magazine. e3143. Available https://www.hatcheryinternational.com/recirc/ras-report-card-3143.

Plastic carrier polishing chamber reduces pollution swapping from denitrifying woodchip bioreactors - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Christianson, L.E., Feyereisen, G.W., Lepine, C., Summerfelt, S.T. 2018. Plastic carrier polishing chamber reduces pollution swapping from denitrifying woodchip bioreactors. Aquacultural Engineering. 81:33-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2018.01.001.

How research is fueling the RAS boom - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T. 2018. How research is fueling the RAS boom. IntraFish. http://www.intrafish.com/aquaculture/1454623/how-research-is-fueling-the-ras-boom.

Water velocity in commercial RAS culture tanks for Atlantic salmon smolt production - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Gorle, J.M., Terjesen, B.F., Mota, V.C., Summerfelt, S.T. 2018. Water velocity in commercial RAS culture tanks for Atlantic salmon smolt production. Aquacultural Engineering. 81:89-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2018.03.001.

Developments in closed-containment technologies for salmonids, Part 2 - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T. 2018. Developments in closed-containment technologies for salmonids, Part 2 [Online Seriel]. Global Aquaculture Advocate. www.aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/developments-closed-containment-technologies-salmonids-part-2/.

Developments in closed-containment technologies for salmonids, Part 1 - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T. 2018. Developments in closed-containment technologies for salmonids, Part 1 [Online Seriel]. Global Aquaculture Advocate. www.aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/closed-containment-technologies-salmonids-part-1/.

Computational fluid dynamics characterization of a novel mixed cell raceway design - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chun, C., Vinci, B., Timmons, M. 2018. Computational fluid dynamics characterization of a novel mixed cell raceway design. Aquacultural Engineering. 81:19-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2018.02.002.

The effects of long-term 20 mg/L carbon dioxide exposure on the health and performance of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar post-smolts in water recirculation aquaculture systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Good, C., Davidson, J., Terjesen, B., Takle, H., Kolarevic, J., Baeverford, G., Summerfelt, S. 2018. The effects of long-term 20 mg/L carbon dioxide exposure on the health and performance of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar post-smolts in water recirculation aquaculture systems. Aquacultural Engineering. 81:1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2018.01.003.

Growth and fillet quality attributes of five genetic strains of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared in a partial water reuse system and harvested at different sizes - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Crouse, C., Davidson, J., Good, C., May, T., Summerfelt, S., Kenney, P., Leeds, T.D., Cleveland, B.M. 2018. Growth and fillet quality attributes of five genetic strains of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared in a partial water reuse system and harvested at different sizes. Aquaculture Research. 49:1672-1681. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.13623.

Membrane biological reactors to remove nitrate, digest biosolids, and eliminate water flushing requirements within replicated recirculation systems culturing rainbow trout - (Abstract Only)
Summerfelt, S., Davidson, J., Schrader, K., Lepine, C., Tsukuda, S., Good, C. 2018. Membrane biological reactors to remove nitrate, digest biosolids, and eliminate water flushing requirements within replicated recirculation systems culturing rainbow trout [abstract]. Aquaculture America. P472.

Freshwater Institute: Focused on improving recirculating aquaculture system technology - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T. 2017. Freshwater Institute: Focused on improving recirculating aquaculture system technology. Fish Farming News. 24(6):12-18.

Effects of semi-continous peracetic acid dosing on rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss performance, water quality, and off-flavor compounds in recirculation aquaculture systems - (Abstract Only)
Davidson, J., Good, C., Schrader, K., Summerfelt, S. 2018. Effects of semi-continous peracetic acid dosing on rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss performance, water quality, and off-flavor compounds in recirculation aquaculture systems [abstract]. Aquaculture America. P-118.

The effects of swimming exercise and dissolved oxygen on growth performance, fin condition and precocious maturation of early-rearing Atlantic salmon Salmo salar - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Waldrop, T., Summerfelt, S.T., Mazik, P., Good, C. 2018. The effects of swimming exercise and dissolved oxygen on growth performance, fin condition and precocious maturation of early-rearing Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. Aquaculture Research. 49(2):801-808. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.13511.

Assessing the utility of ultraviolet irradiation to reduce bacterial biofilms in fish hatchery well water supplies - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Redman, N., Good, C., Vinci, B. 2017. Assessing the utility of ultraviolet irradiation to reduce bacterial biofilms in fish hatchery well water supplies. Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development. 8(7):1000501. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9546.1000501.

The effects of ozonation on select waterborne steroid hormones in recirculation aquaculture systems containing sexually mature Atlantic salmon Salmo salar - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Good, C., Davidson, J., Earley, R.L., Styga, J., Summerfelt, S.T. 2017. The effects of ozonation on select waterborne steroid hormones in recirculation aquaculture systems containing sexually mature Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. Aquacultural Engineering. 79:9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2017.08.004.

Evaluating the chronic effects of nitrate on the health and performance of post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in freshwater recirculation aquaculture systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Davidson, J., Good, C., Williams, C., Summerfelt, S. 2017. Evaluating the chronic effects of nitrate on the health and performance of post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in freshwater recirculation aquaculture systems. Aquacultural Engineering. 79:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2017.08.003.

Fillet quality and processing attributes of postsmolt Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, fed a fishmeal-free diet and a fishmeal-based diet in recirculation aquaculture systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Davidson, J., Kenney, P., Barrows, F., Good, C., Summerfelt, S. 2017. Fillet quality and processing attributes of postsmolt Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, fed a fishmeal-free diet and a fishmeal-based diet in recirculation aquaculture systems. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. 49(1):183-196. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12452.

Denitrifying woodchip bioreactor and phosphorus filter pairing to minimize pollution swapping - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Christianson, L.E., Lepine, C., Sibrell, P.L., Penn, C.J., Summerfelt, S.T. 2017. Denitrifying woodchip bioreactor and phosphorus filter pairing to minimize pollution swapping. Water Research. 121:129-139.

Performance and application of a fluidized bed limestone reactor designed for control of alkalinity, hardness and pH at the Warm Springs Regional Fisheries Center - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Watten, B.J., Mudrak, V.A., Echevarria, C., Sibrell, P.L., Summerfelt, S.T., Boyd, C.E. 2017. Performance and application of a fluidized bed limestone reactor designed for control of alkalinity, hardness and pH at the Warm Springs Regional Fisheries Center. Aquacultural Engineering. 77:97-106.

A fishmeal-free diet for post-smolt Atlantic salmon in RAS - (Trade Journal)
Davidson, J., Summerfelt, S., Barrows, F., Kenney, B., Good, C., Schroyer, K. 2017. A fishmeal-free diet for post-smolt Atlantic salmon in RAS. Hatchery International Magazine. 19(3):35.

Woodchip bioreactors effectively treat aquaculture effluent - (Trade Journal)
Lepine, C., Christianson, L.E., Sharrer, K.L., Summerfelt, S.T. 2017. Woodchip bioreactors effectively treat aquaculture effluent. Aquacultuur. 32(1):27-31.

Low head oxygenator performance characterization for marine recirculating aquaculture systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Vinci, B., Davidson, J., Naveh, E., Engler, O. 2016. Low head oxygenator performance characterization for marine recirculating aquaculture systems. Aquacultural Engineering. 22:22-28.

Woodchip bioreactors effectively treat aquaculture effluent - (Trade Journal)
Lepine, C., Christianson, L.E., Sharrer, K.L., Summerfelt, S.T. 2016. Woodchip bioreactors effectively treat aquaculture effluent. Global Aquaculture Advocate [serial online]. Available: https://www.aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/woodchip-bioreactors-effectively-treat-aquaculture-effluet/.

Aquaculture research at the Conservation Fund Freshwater Institute - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T., Good, C. 2016. Aquaculture research at the Conservation Fund Freshwater Institute. Aquaculture Magazine. 42(5):32-37.

Walleye Sander vitreus performance, water quality, and waste production in replicated recirculation aquaculture systems when feeding a low phosphorus diet without fishmeal versus a traditional fishmeal-based diet - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Davidson, J., Summerfelt, R., Barrows, F., Gottsacker, B., Good, C., Fischer, G., Summerfelt, S. 2016. Walleye Sander vitreus performance, water quality, and waste production in replicated recirculation aquaculture systems when feeding a low phosphorus diet without fishmeal versus a traditional fishmeal-based diet. Aquacultural Engineering. 75:1-13.

Investigating the influence of nitrate nitrogen on post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar reproductive physiology in freshwater recirculation aquaculture systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Good, C., Iwanowicz, L., Meyer, M., Davidson, J., Dietze, J., Kolpin, D., Marancik, D., Birkett, J.E., Russell, C., Summerfelt, S. 2016. Investigating the influence of nitrate nitrogen on post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar reproductive physiology in freshwater recirculation aquaculture systems. Aquacultural Engineering. 78:2-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2016.09.003.

Denitrifying bioreactor clogging potential during wastewater treatment - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Christianson, L.E., Lepine, C., Sharrer, K.L., Summerfelt, S.T. 2016. Denitrifying bioreactor clogging potential during wastewater treatment. Water Research. 15:147-156.

Getting proficient in RAS fundamentals - TCFFI trains aquaculture facility owners, operators and designers - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T., Vinci, B., Good, C. 2016. Getting proficient in RAS fundamentals - TCFFI trains aquaculture facility owners, operators and designers. Global Aquaculture Advocate. August 5 2016.

Survey of large circular and octagonal tanks operated at Norwegian commercial smolt and post-smolt sites - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T., Mathisen, F., Holan, A., Terjesen, B. 2016. Survey of large circular and octagonal tanks operated at Norwegian commercial smolt and post-smolt sites. Aquacultural Engineering. 74:105-110.

A review of factors influencing maturation of atlantic salmon salmo salar with focus on water recirculation aquaculture system environments - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Good, C., Davidson, J. 2016. A review of factors influencing maturation of atlantic salmon salmo salar with focus on water recirculation aquaculture system environments. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. 47(5):605-632.

Effects of feeding a fishmeal-free versus a fishmeal-based diet on post-smolt Atlantic salmon salmo salar performance, water quality, and waste production in recirculation aquaculture systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Davidson, J., Barrows, F., Kenney, P., Good, C., Schroyer, K., Summerfelt, S.T. 2016. Effects of feeding a fishmeal-free versus a fishmeal-based diet on post-smolt Atlantic salmon salmo salar performance, water quality, and waste production in recirculation aquaculture systems. Aquacultural Engineering. 74:38-51. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2016.05.004.

Modeling and mitigation of denitrification 'woodchip' bioreactor phosphorus releases during treatment of aquaculture wastewater - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sharrer, K.L., Christianson, L.E., Lepine, C., Summerfelt, S.T. 2016. Modeling and mitigation of denitrification 'woodchip' bioreactor phosphorus releases during treatment of aquaculture wastewater. Aquacultural Engineering. 93:135-143. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.05.019.

Production of market-size North American strain Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in a land-based recirculation aquaculture system using freshwater - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Davidon, J., May, T., Good, C., Waldrop, T., Kenney, P., Terjesen, B., Summerfelt, S.T. 2016. Production of market-size North American strain Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in a land-based recirculation aquaculture system using freshwater. Aquacultural Engineering. 74:1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2016.04.007.

The influence of fishmeal-free diets on microbial communities in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar recirculation aquaculture systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Schmidt, V., Amaral-Zettler, L., Davidson, J., Summerfelt, S., Good, C. 2016. The influence of fishmeal-free diets on microbial communities in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar recirculation aquaculture systems. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00902-16.

Comparison of hydraulics and particle removal efficiencies in a mixed cell raceway and burrows pond rearing system - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Stockton, K.A., Moffitt, C.M., Watten, B.J., Vinci, B.J. 2016. Comparison of hydraulics and particle removal efficiencies in a mixed cell raceway and burrows pond rearing system. Aquacultural Engineering. 74:52-61. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2016.04.005.

Fishmeal-free Atlantic salmon feed formulation shows promise - Joint research between TCFFI, USDA and EWOS uses new diet for post-smolt to food-size fish - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T., May, T., Crouse, C., Davidson, J., Barrows, F., Mann, J., Good, C. 2016. Fishmeal-free Atlantic salmon feed formulation shows promise - Joint research between TCFFI, USDA and EWOS uses new diet for post-smolt to food-size fish. Global Aquaculture Advocate. 4: 1-6. doi.advocate.gaalliance.org/fishmeal-free-atlantic-salmon-feed-formulation-shows-promise/.

Assessing the impact of swimming exercise and the relative susceptibility of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum) and atlantic salmon salmo salar L. following injection challenge with weissella ceti - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Good, C., May, T., Crouse, C., Summerfelt, S., Welch, T.J. 2016. Assessing the impact of swimming exercise and the relative susceptibility of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum) and atlantic salmon salmo salar L. following injection challenge with weissella ceti. Journal of Fish Diseases. 39(11): 1387-1391.

Comparative economic performance and carbon footprint of two farming models for producing atlantic salmon (salmo salar): Land-based closed containment system in freshwater and open pen in seawater - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, Y., Rosten, T.W., Henriksen, K., Hognes, E., Summerfelt, S., Vinci, B. 2016. Comparative economic performance and carbon footprint of two farming models for producing atlantic salmon (salmo salar): Land-based closed containment system in freshwater and open pen in seawater. Journal of Aquaculture Engineering. 71:1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2016.01.001.

Novel air-based system transfers large salmon during harvest - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T., May, T., Crouse, C. 2015. Novel air-based system transfers large salmon during harvest. Global Aquaculture Advocate. 18(6): 69-70.

Optimizing hydraulic retention times in denitrifying woodchip bioreactors treating recirculating aquaculture system wastewater - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Lepine, C., Christianson, L.E., Sharrer, K.L., Summerfelt, S.T. 2016. Optimizing hydraulic retention times in denitrifying woodchip bioreactors treating recirculating aquaculture system wastewater. Journal of Environmental Quality. 45:813-821. doi: 10.2134/jeq2015.05.0242.

Nitrate removal effectiveness of fluidized sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification biofilters for recirculating aquaculture systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Christianson, L., Lepine, C., Tsukuda, S., Saito, K., Summerfelt, S. 2015. Nitrate removal effectiveness of fluidized sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification biofilters for recirculating aquaculture systems. Journal of Aquaculture Engineering. 68:10-18.

Crowder/grader units improve harvest efficiency in large circular tanks - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T., Davidson, J., May, T., Crouse, C., Waldrop, T. 2015. Crowder/grader units improve harvest efficiency in large circular tanks. Global Aquaculture Advocate. 18(4):66-68.

Systemic granuloma observed in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar raised to market size in a freshwater recirculation aquaculture system - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Good, C., Marancik, D.P., Welch, T.J., May, T., Davidson, J., Summerfelt, S. 2015. Systemic granuloma observed in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar raised to market size in a freshwater recirculation aquaculture system. Aquaculture Research. DOI: 10.1111/are.12790:1-5.

Emerging trends in salmonid RAS - Part II. System enhancements - (Review Article)
Summerfelt, S.T., Davidson, J., May, T., Good, C., Vinci, B. 2015. Emerging trends in salmonid RAS - Part II. System enhancements. Global Aquaculture Advocate. 18(3):64-65.

Reduced photoperiod (18 h light vs 24 h light) during first-year rearing associated with increased early male maturation in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar cultured in a freshwater recirculation aquaculture system - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Good, C., Weber, G.M., May, T., Davidson, J., Summerfelt, S. 2015. Reduced photoperiod (18 h light vs 24 h light) during first-year rearing associated with increased early male maturation in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar cultured in a freshwater recirculation aquaculture system. Aquaculture Research. DOI: 10.1111/are.12741.

Emerging trends In salmonid RAS - Part I. Closed-containment culture advances - (Review Article)
Summerfelt, S.T., Davidson, J., May, T., Good, C., Vinci, B. 2015. Emerging trends In salmonid RAS - Part I. Closed-containment culture advances. Global Aquaculture Advocate. 18(2):62-63.

Heterotrophic denitrification of aquaculture effluent using fluidized sand biofilters - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Tsukuda, S., Christianson, L., Kolb, A., Saito, K., Summerfelt, S. 2014. Heterotrophic denitrification of aquaculture effluent using fluidized sand biofilters. Aquacultural Engineering. 64:49-59.

Effects of alkalinity on ammonia removal, carbon dioxide stripping, and system pH in semi-commercial scale water recirculating aquaculture systems operated with moving bed bioreactors - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Summerfelt, S., Zuhlke, A., Kolarevic, J., Reiten, B., Selset, R., Gutierrez, X., Terjesen, B. 2014. Effects of alkalinity on ammonia removal, carbon dioxide stripping, and system pH in semi-commercial scale water recirculating aquaculture systems operated with moving bed bioreactors. Aquacultural Engineering. 65:46-54.

Fish farming in land-based closed-containment systems - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T., Christianson, L. 2014. Fish farming in land-based closed-containment systems. World Aquaculture Magazine. 25:18-22.

New technology turns wastes into revenue at Indiana perch farm - (Trade Journal)
Summerfelt, S.T., Mccowan, N. 2013. New technology turns wastes into revenue at Indiana perch farm. Hatchery International Magazine. 14(6):32-33.