Research Project: Enhancing the Quality, Utility, Sustainability and Environmental Impact of Western and Long-Staple Cotton through Improvements in Harvesting, Processing, and Utilization

Location: Cotton Ginning Research

Publications (Clicking on the reprint icon will take you to the publication reprint.)

Evaluating alternative seed-cotton reclaimers for high-speed ginning - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Funk, P.A., Thomas, J. 2020. Evaluating alternative seed-cotton reclaimers for high-speed ginning. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 36(3):245-256. https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.13704.

Cotton gin fuel use patterns - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Funk, P.A., Hardin Iv, R.G., Terrazas, A.A., Yeater, K.M. 2020. Cotton gin fuel use patterns. Transactions of the ASABE. 63(3):645-653. https://doi.org/10.13031.

Evaluation of the Goldenlion Contamination Cleaner - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P., Armijo, C.B., Pelletier, M.G., Funk, P.A., Holt, G.A., Wanjura, J.D., Kothari, N., Martin, V. 2020. Evaluation of the Goldenlion Contamination Cleaner. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 8-10, 2020, Austin, TX. Presentation only.

Development of the cotton gin - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Hughs, S.E., Holt, G.A., Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Valco, T.D. 2020. Development of the cotton gin. Journal of Cotton Science. 24:34-43.

The impact of historical gin stand technologies on cotton fiber and seed quality - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Whitelock, D.P., Buser, M.D., Armijo, C.B., Hughs, S.E. 2019. The impact of historical gin stand technologies on cotton fiber and seed quality. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 35(5):775-785. https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.12751.

Cotton gin pneumatic conveying systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Whitelock, D.P., Buser, M., Holt, G.A., Hardin IV, R.G., Green, K., Fabian, J.C., McCook, D. 2019. Cotton gin pneumatic conveying systems. Journal of Cotton Science. 23:182-217.

Preliminary results of how conventional and experimental lint cleaning processes affect fiber length uniformity index - (Abstract Only)
Armijo, C.B., Delhom, C.D., Whitelock, D.P., Funk, P.A., Wanjura, J.D., Holt, G.A., Sui, R., Martin, V.B., Kothari, N. 2019. Preliminary results of how conventional and experimental lint cleaning processes affect fiber length uniformity index. ASABE Annual International Meeting, July 7-10, 2019, Boston, MA. Paper 1901902.

Thermal contact, a passive approach to plastic removal from seed cotton - (Abstract Only)
Funk, P.A., Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Delhom, C.D., Holt, G.A., Wanjura, J.D., Pelletier, M.G. 2019. Thermal contact, a passive approach to plastic removal from seed cotton [abstract]. ASABE Annual International Meeting, July 7-10, 2019, Boston, MA. Paper 1901898.

Evaluation of prototype high-capacity roller-gin reclaimers - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P., Armijo, C.B., Funk, P.A., Thomas, J. 2019. Evaluation of prototype high-capacity roller-gin reclaimers. ASABE Annual International Meeting, July 7-10, 2019, Boston, MA. Paper 1901880.

How current cotton ginning practices affect fiber length uniformity index - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Funk, P.A., Martin, V.B. 2019. How current cotton ginning practices affect fiber length uniformity index. Journal of Cotton Science. 23:66-77.

Saving energy in cotton gins - (Proceedings)
Funk, P.A., Hardin, R., Terrazas, A., Yeater, K.M. 2019. Saving energy in cotton gins. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 8-10, 2019, New Orleans, Louisiana. p. 359-362.

Low-resolution mid-infrared reflection analysis for discernment of contaminants in seed cotton - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Wenbin, J., Whitelock, D.P., Hughs, S.E., Rayson, G. 2018. Low-resolution mid-infrared reflection analysis for discernment of contaminants in seed cotton. International Journal of Analytical and Bioanalytical Methods. 1:1-13.

A comprehensive gin maintenance program - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Funk, P.A., Hardin IV, R.G. 2019. A comprehensive gin maintenance program. Journal of Cotton Science. 23:78-89.

Procedures for moisture analytical tests used in cotton ginning research - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Funk, P.A., Terrazas, A.A., Yeater, K.M., Hardin IV, R.G., Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Pelletier, M.G., Wanjura, J.D., Holt, G.A., Delhom, C.D. 2018. Procedures for moisture analytical tests used in cotton ginning research. Transactions of the ASABE. 61(6):1985-1995. https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.12980.

How conventional and experimental lint cleaning processes affect fiber length uniformity index - (Abstract Only)
Armijo, C.B., Delhom, C.D., Whitelock, D.P., Funk, P.A., Wanjura, J.D., Holt, G.A., Sui, R., Marin, V.B. 2018. How conventional and experimental lint cleaning processes affect fiber length uniformity index. ASABE Annual International Meeting, 7/29/2018-8/01/2018, Detroit, MI. Presentation only.

Exploring methods to detect stickiness in seed cotton at the cotton gin - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P., Delhom, C.D., Funk, P.A., Armijo, C.B. 2018. Exploring methods to detect stickiness in seed cotton at the cotton gin. ASABE Annual International Meeting. Presentation only.

How conventional and experimental lint cleaning processes affect fiber length uniformity index - (Abstract Only)
Armijo, C.B., Delhom, C.D., Whitelock, D.P., Funk, P.A., Wanjura, J.D., Holt, G.A., Sui, R., Martin, V.B. 2018. How conventional and experimental lint cleaning processes affect fiber length uniformity index. ASABE Annual International Meeting, 7/29-2018-08/01/2018, Detroit, MI. Presentation only.

Current procedures for finding moisture content in seed cotton, lint, and cottonseed - (Proceedings)
Funk, P.A., Terrazas, A.A., Yeater, K.M., Hardin IV, R.G., Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Pelletier, M.G., Wanjura, J.D., Holt, G.A., Delhom, C.D. 2018. Current procedures for finding moisture content in seed cotton, lint, and cottonseed. ASABE Annual International Meeting, 07/29/2018-08/01/2018, Detroit, MI. Paper No. 1801764.

Saving energy in cotton gins - (Proceedings)
Funk, P.A., Hardin Iv, R.G., Terrazas, A.A. 2018. Saving energy in cotton gins. Plant Management Network. Available: http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/edcenter/seminars/cotton/SavingEnergy/.

Seed cotton and lint moisture addition at a Western cotton gin - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Whitelock, D.P., Armijo, C.B., Delhom, C.D. 2018. Seed cotton and lint moisture addition at a Western cotton gin. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 34(3):623-632. https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.12618.

Exploring methods to detect stickiness at the gin - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P. 2018. Exploring methods to detect stickiness at the gin. California Cotton Ginners and Growers Association Sticky Cotton Summit, May 25, 2018, Fresno, CA. Presentation only.

Current research at the USDA-ARS Cotton Ginning and Textile Processing Laboratories - (Abstract Only)
Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Funk, P.A., Holt, G.A., Pelletier, M.G., Wanjura, J.D., Delhom, C.D., Dowd, M.K., Sui, R. 2018. Current research at the USDA-ARS Cotton Ginning and Textile Processing Laboratories. Annual Arizona Cotton Industry Meeting. Presentation only.

Comparative mechanical harvest efficiency of six New Mexico Pod-type green chile pepper cultivars - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Joukhadar, I.C., Walker, S.J., Funk, P.A. 2018. Comparative mechanical harvest efficiency of six New Mexico Pod-type green chile pepper cultivars. HortTechnology. 28(3):310-318. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH03999-18.

Effects of saw ginning, roller ginning, and lint cleaning on fiber length uniformity index - (Abstract Only)
Armijo, C.B., Delhom, C.D., Whitelock, D.P., Funk, P.A., Wanjura, J.D., Holt, G.A., Sui, R., Martin, V.B. 2018. Effects of saw ginning, roller ginning, and lint cleaning on fiber length uniformity index. International Cotton Conference. Available: https://baumwollboerse.de/en/cotton-conference/lectures.

Current university and USDA lab cotton contamination research - (Proceedings)
Whitelock, D.P., Pelletier, M.G., Thomasson, A., Buser, M., Xu, B., Delhom, C.D., Hardin Iv, R.G. 2018. Current university and USDA lab cotton contamination research. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference. p. 516-520. Available: https://www.cotton.org/beltwide/index_printable.cfm?page=proceedings

Accuracy of alternate oven drying procedures - (Proceedings)
Funk, P.A., Hardin Iv, R.G., Terrazas, A.A., Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Pelletier, M.G., Wanjura, J.D., Holt, G.A., Delhom, C.D., Yeater, K.M. 2018. Accuracy of alternate oven drying procedures. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference. p. 909-916. Available: https://www.cotton.org/beltwide/index-printable.cfm?page=proceedings

Fuel use patterns in cotton gins - (Proceedings)
Funk, P.A., Hardin Iv, R.G. 2018. Fuel use patterns in cotton gins. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference. p. 870-873. Available: https://www.cotton.org/beltwide/index-printable.cfm?page=proceedings.

USDA and university researchers work to prevent U.S. cotton contamination - (Popular Publication)
Whitelock, D.P. 2017. USDA and university researchers work to prevent U.S. cotton contamination. Cotton Farming. 23-25.

How different lint cleaning processes affect fiber length uniformity index - (Abstract Only)
Armijo, C.B., Delhom, C.D., Whitelock, D.P., Funk, P.A., Wanjura, J.D., Holt, G.A., Hardin Iv, R.G., Martin, V.B. 2018. How different lint cleaning processes affect fiber length uniformity index. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 3-5, 2018, San Antonio, TX. p. 687-690. Available: https://www.cotton.org/beltwide/index-printable.cfm?page=proceedings

Contamination sources, prevention, and research - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P. 2017. Contamination sources, prevention, and research. International Cotton Advisory Committee Recorder. Presentation only. https://www.icac.org/getattachment/mtgs/Plenary/76th/Agenda-(Reports-Minutes)/1_OS8_Whitelock.pdf.

Roller ginning - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Thomas, J.W., Hughs, S.E., Gillum, M.N. 2017. Roller ginning. Journal of Cotton Science. 21:199-209.

Cotton gin drying systems–patterns in fuel energy use - (Proceedings)
Funk, P.A., Hardin Iv, R.G., Terrazas, A.A. 2017. Cotton gin drying systems–patterns in fuel energy use. Proceedings of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) Annual International Meeting. Paper No. 1701520.

Ginning Research - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P. 2017. Ginning Research. New Mexico Cotton Ginners Association Conference, July 14, 2017, Mescalero, NM. Presentation only..

USDA gin lab updates - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P. 2017. USDA gin lab updates. Annual Arizona Cotton Industry Meeting. Presentation only.

ARS labs update to California Cotton Ginners and Growers - (Abstract Only)
Funk, P.A., Armijo, C.B., Delhom, C.D., Hardin IV, R.G., Holt, G.A., Pelletier, M.G., Wanjura, J.D., Whitelock, D.P. 2017. ARS labs update to California Cotton Ginners and Growers. Joint annual meeting of the California Cotton Ginners and Growers Association, 2 May 2017, Monterey, CA. Presentation only.

Energy utilization and conservation in cotton gins - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Funk, P.A., Hardin IV, R.G. 2017. Energy utilization and conservation in cotton gins. Journal of Cotton Science. 21(2):156-166.

Co-digestion of agricultural and municipal waste to produce energy and soil amendment - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Macias-Corral, M.A., Samani, Z.T., Hanson, A.T., Funk, P.A. 2017. Co-digestion of agricultural and municipal waste to produce energy and soil amendment. Waste Management and Research. 35(9):991-996. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X17715097.

Solar cooking - (Popular Publication)
Funk, P.A. 2017. Solar cooking. Resource Magazine. 24(3):8-9.

Cryogenically treated gin saw wear test – Third season - (Abstract Only)
Hughs, S.E., Hardin Iv, R.G., Delhom, C.D. 2017. Cryogenically treated gin saw wear test – Third season. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 4-6, 2017, Dallas, TX. p. 433-434.

How current ginning processes affect fiber length uniformity index - (Proceedings)
Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Hughs, S.E. 2017. How current ginning processes affect fiber length uniformity index. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 4-6, 2017, Dallas, TX. Presentation only.

Continued work to develop a low-cost sensor to detect plastic contamination in seed cotton at the gin - (Proceedings)
Whitelock, D.P., Armijo, C.B., Delwiche, S.R., Kim, M.S., Hughs, S.E. 2017. Continued work to develop a low-cost sensor to detect plastic contamination in seed cotton at the gin. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 4-6, 2017, Dallas, TX. p. 389-397.

What research is happening to help prevent contamination of U.S. cotton? - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P., Byler, R.K., Pelletier, M.G., Thomasson, A. 2017. What research is happening to help prevent contamination of U.S. cotton?. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 4-6, 2017, Dallas, TX. p. 435-440.

Seed cotton unloading systems - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Funk, P.A., Wanjura, J.D. 2017. Seed cotton unloading systems. Journal of Cotton Science. 21:51-59.

Combustibility determination for cotton gin dust and almond huller dust - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Hughs, S.E., Wakelyn, P.J. 2017. Combustibility determination for cotton gin dust and almond huller dust. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health. 23(2):125-132. https://doi.org/10.13031/jash.11824.

Saw gin stands - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Hughs, S.E., Holt, G.A., Rutherford, R. 2017. Saw gin stands. Journal of Cotton Science. 21:60-69.

Development of a prototype sensor to detect plastic contamination in seed cotton at the gin - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P., Armijo, C.B., Delwiche, S.R., Kim, M.S., Hughs, S.E., Byler, R.K. 2016. Development of a prototype sensor to detect plastic contamination in seed cotton at the gin. ASABE Annual International Meeting, July 17-20, 2016, Orlando, FL. Presentation only. Paper No. 162461827.

Preliminary fuel use results from gin audits - (Proceedings)
Funk, P.A., Hardin Iv, R.G., Terrazas, A.A. 2016. Preliminary fuel use results from gin audits. Proceedings of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) Annual International Meeting. Paper No. 162482120.

Classifying cotton bark and grass extraneous matter using image analysis - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Whitelock, D.P., Hughs, S.E., Armijo, C.B. 2017. Classifying cotton bark and grass extraneous matter using image analysis. Textile Research Journal. 87(8):891-901.

Comparison of six green chile (capsicum annum) cultivars for efficiency of Etgar® machine harvest - (Proceedings)
Calsoyas, I., Walker, S., Funk, P.A., Steiner, R. 2016. Comparison of six green chile (capsicum annum) cultivars for efficiency of Etgar® machine harvest. New Mexico Chile Conference. Proceedings.

Chile stand management for mechanical green chile harvest - (Proceedings)
Havlik, C., Walker, S., Funk, P.A. 2016. Chile stand management for mechanical green chile harvest. 2016 New Mexico Chile Conference. Proceedings.

Evaluation of relationship between HVI estimated leaf grade and MDTA3 measured percent trash - (Proceedings)
Whitelock, D.P., Martin, V.B., Barnes, E.M. 2016. Evaluation of relationship between HVI estimated leaf grade and MDTA3 measured percent trash. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 5-7, 2017, New Orleans, LA. p.470-475. 2016 CDROM.

Preliminary evaluation of feeder and lint slide moisture addition on ginning, fiber quality, and textile processing of western cotton - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P., Armijo, C.B., Delhom, C.D. 2016. Preliminary evaluation of feeder and lint slide moisture addition on ginning, fiber quality, and textile processing of western cotton. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 5-7, 2016, New Orleans, LA. p. 883-884. 2016 CDROM.

Low-resolution mid-infrared reflection analysis for discernment of contaminants in seed cotton - (Abstract Only)
Jiang, W., Whitelock, D.P., Rayson, G., Hughs, S.E. 2016. Low-resolution mid-infrared reflection analysis for discernment of contaminants in seed cotton. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 5-7, 2016, New Orleans, LA. p. 657. 2016 CDROM..

Removing seed coat fragments with a lint cleaner grid bar air knife - (Abstract Only)
Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Hughs, S.E., Gillum, M.N. 2016. Removing seed coat fragments with a lint cleaner grid bar air knife. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 5-7, 2016, New Orleans, LA. p. 163-164. 2016 CD ROM.

Cryogenically treated gin saw wear test-Second season - (Abstract Only)
Hughs, S.E., Hardin Iv, R.G. 2016. Cryogenically treated gin saw wear test-Second season. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 5-7, 2016, New Orleans, LA. p. 881-882. 2016 CD ROM

Dictionary of cotton: Picking & ginning - (Book / Chapter)
Hughs, S.E., Armijo, C.B., Wanjura, J.D., Whitelock, D.P. 2016. Dictionary of cotton: Picking & ginning. International Cotton Advisory Committee Recorder. Washington, DC: International Cotton Researchers Association and International Cotton Advisory Committee. p. 174.

Should particle size analysis data be combined with EPA approved sampling method data in the development of AP-42 emission factors? - (Proceedings)
Moore, T.W., Buser, M.D., Whitelock, D.P., Hamilton, D.W., Wanjura, J.D. 2015. Should particle size analysis data be combined with EPA approved sampling method data in the development of AP-42 emission factors?. ASABE Annual International Meeting, July 26-29, 2015, New Orleans, LA. Paper No. 15290969.

EPA’s AP-42 development methodology: Converting or rerating current AP-42 datasets - (Proceedings)
Moore, T.W., Buser, M.D., Whitelock, D.P., Hamilton, D.W., Wanjura, J.D. 2015. EPA’s AP-42 development methodology: Converting or rerating current AP-42 datasets. ASABE Annual International Meeting. Paper no. 15290967.

Evaluating EPA’s AP-42 development methodology using a cotton gin total PM dataset - (Proceedings)
Moore, T.W., Buser, M.D., Whitelock, D.P., Hamilton, D.W., Wanjura, J.D. 2015. Evaluating EPA’s AP-42 development methodology using a cotton gin total PM dataset. ASABE Annual International Meeting, July 26-29, 2015, New Orleans, LA. Paper no. 152190959.

Predicting seed cotton moisture content in a Mississippi gin - (Abstract Only)
Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Hughs, S.E., Gillum, M.N. 2015. Predicting seed cotton moisture content in a Mississippi gin. ASABE Annual International Meeting, July 26-29, 2015, New Orleans, LA. Paper no. 152163686.

Current research to maintain contamination-free U.S. cotton - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P., Jiang, W., Armijo, C.B., Rayson, G., Byler, R.K., Hughs, S.E., Pelletier, M.G., Baker, K.D., Fortier, C.A. 2015. Current research to maintain contamination-free U.S. cotton. ASABE Annual International Meeting. Paper No. 152188755.

Girdling defoliation of cotton; 2014 field trial - (Abstract Only)
Funk, P.A., Pelletier, M.G. 2015. Girdling defoliation of cotton; 2014 field trial. ASABE Annual International Meeting, July 26-29, 2015, New Orleans, LA. Paper No. 2188472.

Application of particle size distributions to total particulate stack samples to estimate PM2.5 and PM10 emission factors for agricultural sources - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P., Buser, M., Wang-Li, L. 2015. Application of particle size distributions to total particulate stack samples to estimate PM2.5 and PM10 emission factors for agricultural sources. ASABE Annual International Meeting, July 16-29, 2015, New Orleans, LA. Paper No. 152189735.

Cyclone performance by velocity - (Proceedings)
Funk, P.A., Whitelock, D.P., Wanjura, J.D., Yeater, K.M., Elsayed, K. 2015. Cyclone performance by velocity. Proceedings of the National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 5-7, 2015, San Antonio, TX. p. 629-634.

Detection of plastic and oily contamination in seed cotton at the gin using infra-red - (Proceedings)
Baker, K.D., Rayson, G., Jiang, W., Whitelock, D.P., Hughs, S.E. 2015. Detection of plastic and oily contamination in seed cotton at the gin using infra-red. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference. 981-989.

Development of an air knife to remove seed coat fragments during lint cleaning - (Abstract Only)
Armijo, C.B., Whitelock, D.P., Hughs, S.E., Gillum, M.N. 2015. Development of an air knife to remove seed coat fragments during lint cleaning. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 5-7, 2015, San Antonio, TX. p. 971.

Update on the development of cotton gin PM2.5 emission factors for EPA's AP-42 - (Abstract Only)
Moore, T.W., Buser, M.D., Whitelock, D.P., Wanjura, J.D., Hamilton, D. 2015. Update on the development of cotton gin PM2.5 emission factors for EPA's AP-42. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 5-7,2015, San Antonio, TX. p. 486-492.

Update on the development of cotton gin PM10 emission factors for EPA's AP-42 - (Abstract Only)
Moore, T.W., Buser, M.D., Whitelock, D.P., Wanjura, J.D., Hamilton, D. 2015. Update on the development of cotton gin PM10 emission factors for EPA's AP-42. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 5-7, 2015, San Antonio, TX. 477-485.

Preliminary evaluation of AERMOD using site specific stack and ambient sampling data - (Abstract Only)
Moore, T.W., Buser, M.D., Whitelock, D.P., Wanjura, J.D. 2015. Preliminary evaluation of AERMOD using site specific stack and ambient sampling data. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 5-7, 2015, San Antonio, TX. 620-628.

Comparison of classer extraneous matter calls and image shape and color measurements - (Abstract Only)
Whitelock, D.P., Hughs, S.E. 2015. Comparison of classer extraneous matter calls and image shape and color measurements. National Cotton Council Beltwide Cotton Conference, January 5-7, 2015, San Antonio, TX. p. 802.

Development of a multi-point isokinetic sampling system to measure poultry house particulate matter emissions - (Abstract Only)
Sutterfield, D., Buser, M.D., Wang, N., Whitelock, D.P., Moore Jr, P.A., Li, H., Hapeman, C.J. 2014. Development of a multi-point isokinetic sampling system to measure poultry house particulate matter emissions. ASABE Annual International Meeting, July 13-16, 2014, Montreal, Canada. Paper no. 141914266.