Research Project: Automated Technologies for Harvesting and Quality Evaluation of Fruits and Vegetables

Location: Sugarbeet and Bean Research

Publications (Clicking on the reprint icon will take you to the publication reprint.)

A review of fluorescence imaging system supported by excitation-emission matrix for fruit and vegetable quality estimation - (Review Article)
Huang, Z., Saito, Y., Gao, Y., Firmanda Al Riza, D., Lu, R., Cen, H., Kondo, N., Omwange, K. 2024. A review of fluorescence imaging system supported by excitation-emission matrix for fruit and vegetable quality estimation. Food Control. 169. Article 111040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111040.

Development and evaluation of a dual-arm robotic apple harvesting system - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Lammers, K., Zhang, K., Zhu, K., Chu, P., Li, Z., Lu, R. 2024. Development and evaluation of a dual-arm robotic apple harvesting system. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 227. Article 109586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2024.109586.

Active laser-camera scanning for high-precision fruit localization in robotic harvesting: system design and calibration - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zhang, K., Chu, P., Lammers, K., Li, Z., Lu, R. 2023. Active laser-camera scanning for high-precision fruit localization in robotic harvesting: system design and calibration. Horticulturae. 10(1):40. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10010040.

High-precision fruit localization using active laser-camera scanning: Robust laser line extraction for 2D-3D transformation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chu, P., Li, Z., Zhang, K., Lammers, K., Lu, R. 2024. High-precision fruit localization using active laser-camera scanning: Robust laser line extraction for 2D-3D transformation. Smart Agricultural Technology. 2024(7). Article 100391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atech.2023.100391.

An automated apple harvesting robot—from system design to field evaluation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zhang, K., Lammers, K., Chu, P., Li, Z., Lu, R. 2023. An automated apple harvesting robot—from system design to field evaluation. Journal of Field Robotics. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.22268.

Identification of early decayed oranges using structured-illumination reflectance imaging coupled with fast demodulation and improved image processing algorithms - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Li, J., Lu, Y., Lu, R. 2023. Identification of early decayed oranges using structured-illumination reflectance imaging coupled with fast demodulation and improved image processing algorithms. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 207. Article 112627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2023.112627.

O2RNet: Occluder-occludee relational network for robust apple detection of clustered orchard environments - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chu, P., Li, Z., Zhang, K., Chen, D., Lammers, K., Lu, R. 2023. O2RNet: Occluder-occludee relational network for robust apple detection of clustered orchard environments. Smart Agricultural Technology. 5. Article 100284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atech.2023.100284.

Evaluation of a new apple in-field sorting system for fruit singulation, rotation and imaging - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Pothula, A., Zhang, Z., Lu, R. 2023. Evaluation of a new apple in-field sorting system for fruit singulation, rotation and imaging. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 208. Article 107789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2023.107789.

Frontier: Creating parallel SmartAg systems certificate programs for engineering and applied science graduate students - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Burks, T., Watson, A., Frederick, Q., Migliaccio, K., Lu, R. 2023. Frontier: Creating parallel SmartAg systems certificate programs for engineering and applied science graduate students. Journal of the ASABE. 66(5):1187-1203. https://doi.org/10.13031/ja.15358.

Detection of early decay in navel oranges by structured-illumination reflectance imaging combined with image enhancement and segmentation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Li, J., Lu, Y., Lu, R. 2022. Detection of early decay in navel oranges by structured-illumination reflectance imaging combined with image enhancement and segmentation. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 196. Article 112162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2022.112162.

Algorithm design and integration for a robotic apple harvesting system - (Proceedings)
Zhang, K., Lammers, K., Chu, P., Dickinson, N., Li, Z., Lu, R. 2022. Algorithm design and integration for a robotic apple harvesting system. In: Proceedings of 2022 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), October 23-27, 2022, Kyto, Japan. p. 9217-9224. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9981417.

Design and evaluation of end effectors for a vacuum-based robotic apple harvester - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Lu, R., Dickinson, N., Lammers, K., Zhang, K., Chu, P., Li, Z. 2022. Design and evaluation of end effectors for a vacuum-based robotic apple harvester. Journal of the ASABE. 65(5):963-974. https://doi.org/10.13031/ja.14970.

Development and preliminary evaluation of a new apple harvest assist and in-field sorting machine - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Lu, Y., Zhang, Z., Lu, R. 2022. Development and preliminary evaluation of a new apple harvest assist and in-field sorting machine. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 38(1):23-35. https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.14522.

System design and control of an apple harvesting robot - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zhang, K., Lammers, K., Chu, P., Li, Z., Lu, R. 2021. System design and control of an apple harvesting robot. Mechatronics. 79. Article 102644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechatronics.2021.102644.

Detection of chilling injury in pickling cucumbers using dual-band chlorophyll fluorescence imaging - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Lu, Y., Lu, R. 2021. Detection of chilling injury in pickling cucumbers using dual-band chlorophyll fluorescence imaging. Foods. 10(5). Article 1094. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10051094.

Detection of subsurface bruising in fresh pickling cucumbers using structured-illumination reflectance imaging - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Lu, Y., Lu, R., Zhang, Z. 2021. Detection of subsurface bruising in fresh pickling cucumbers using structured-illumination reflectance imaging. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 180. Article 111624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2021.111624.

Development and evaluation of an apple infield grading and sorting system - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zhang, Z., Lu, Y., Lu, R. 2021. Development and evaluation of an apple infield grading and sorting system. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 180. Article 111588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2021.111588.

Deep learning-based apple detection using a suppression mask R-CNN - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chu, P., Li, Z., Lammers, K., Lu, R., Liu, X. 2021. Deep learning-based apple detection using a suppression mask R-CNN. Pattern Recognition Letters. 147:206-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2021.04.022.