Location: Obesity and Metabolism Research
Project Number: 2032-51530-025-082-R
Project Type: Reimbursable Cooperative Agreement
Start Date: Dec 10, 2021
End Date: Nov 30, 2024
Objective:
To examine individual differences observed in response to different diets by studying the interactions between diet, genes, proteins, microbiome, metabolism and other individual contextual factors within the context of the All of Us cohort assembled by the NIH.
Approach:
Research is needed to provide more precise and dynamic nutritional recommendations than currently possible through population-wide guidance. This in turn will facilitate a deeper understanding of how human biological systems and molecular pathways interact with or mediate the relationships among dietary patterns, environmental, social, and behavioral factors to influence health status. Through advances in -omic technologies and mobile devices—combined with the large and diverse participant sample and existing infrastructure of the All of Us Research Program, innovations in artificial intelligence, machine learning, computational and mathematical modeling of complex biological systems—an unprecedented opportunity exists currently to predict dietary responses and to design targeted dietary interventions aimed at improving health and quality of life.
To meet the overall objective of the study 3 separate clinical studies will be performed at the WHNRC.
Module 1 will follow approximately 1,000 participants for up to 14 days to examine baseline diet and physiological responses to the test meal challenge. Module 1 is anticipated to consist of two clinic visits approximately two weeks apart, with remote data collection during the study period.
Module 2 is expected to be a free-living controlled feeding study that will examine responses to three short-term (~14 days) intervention diets in approximately 500 Module 1 participants. Additionally, after each intervention diet, physiological responses to the test meal will be assessed.
Module 3 is expected to be a domiciled controlled feeding study that will examine responses to the same three short-term (~14 days) intervention diets in approximately 100 participants from Module 1. Additionally, after each intervention diet, physiological responses to the test meal will be assessed.
In all 3 modules, investigators will collect dietary, microbiome, physiological, metabolic, behavioral, cognitive, environmental, and contextual data, and leverage standard All of Us-collected genomic, electronic health, and survey data to model the impact of diet and dietary patterns on physiological responses.
