Location: Grape Genetics Research Unit (GGRU)
Project Number: 8060-21220-008-012-R
Project Type: Reimbursable Cooperative Agreement
Start Date: Oct 1, 2022
End Date: Aug 31, 2024
Objective:
1) Genes on the shelf. Test candidate genes and explore allelic diversity in Vitis to confirm gene function and develop perfect DNA markers for routine use in breeding programs. Combine resistance genes and maximize universal defense pathways for durable deployment in new cultivars. H: a) Candidate genes can be identified and refined through genomics tools. b) Resistance gene function is most simply observed by measuring phenotypes resulting from knock-outs, generated through gene editing. c) Defense responses have universal pathways that can result in broad-spectrum resistance via gene editing.
2) Tools in the toolbox. Deploy a field-based, computer vision (CV) phenotyping platform for PM and key visible traits to U.S. grape breeders. Continue to support genomics tools and marker utilization for breeders and genetics research. H: a) CV will improve phenotype prediction over current categorical rating scales. b) Genome-wide DNA markers will accelerate trait introgression from wild Vitis and enrich research discoveries and transferability.
3) Resistant sticks in the ground. Develop and implement a strategic nation-wide extension program that trains vineyard managers on best practices to maintain resistance in new plantings. Develop and screen breeding lines for resistance, fruit quality, and regionally important traits. H: a) Early detection of virulent outbreaks in new plantings of resistant cultivars will help target pesticides to maintain deployed resistance with a 90% reduction in inputs. b) Implementing tools (2a & b) will lead to gene discovery and new elite, resistant cultivars.
4) Grapes on the table. New variety adoption is consumer-driven across all grape and wine sectors. Mature markets limit adoption despite a need for sustainable varieties. H: a) Consumer information overloading contributes to purchasing behaviors. b) Eye-tracking can be used to determine which features on product labels are important for alerting consumers to sustainably produced products from resistant cultivars.
Approach:
Evaluate the grape germplasm collection(s) for unique sources for powdery mildew resistance. Develop and test grape populations. Work with the genetics team to genotype populations with the aim of conducting marker assisted selection and QTL mapping in local populations, especially for powdery mildew resistance. Use a combination of genetic, genomic, and genome editing approaches to identify genes responsible for genetic resistance to powdery mildew. Deliver computer vision and genetics tools to the grape breeder community. Participate in developing outreach activities each year. Attend annual meetings and contribute to reporting.
