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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Raleigh, North Carolina » Market Quality and Handling Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #100604
Title: ALTERNATIVE GENETIC SOURCES OF LARGE SEED SIZE - EVALUATION OF AGRONOMIC AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS

Author
item Pattee, Harold
item ISLEIB, THOMAS - NC STATE UNIVERSITY
item GORBET, DANIEL - UNIV. OF FLORIDA-NFREC

Submitted to: American Peanut Research and Education Society Proceedings
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/15/1999
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: PATTEE, H.E., ISLEIB, T.G., GORBET, D.W. ALTERNATIVE GENETIC SOURCES OF LARGE SEED SIZE - EVALUATION OF AGRONOMIC AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS. PROCEEDINGS OF AMERICAN PEANUT RESEARCH AND EDUCATION SOCIETY. 1999. V. 32. P. 71.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Jenkins Jumbo, the ancestral source of large seed size in the virginia market-type, has been shown to have a deleterious effect on peanut flavor. The pervasiveness of Jenkins Jumbo in the ancestry of large-seeded germplasm contributes to the generally less intense roasted peanut flavor of the virginia market-type. As a remedy to this problem, alternative sources of large seed size have been identified and used as parents in crosses. Nine large-seeded selections were tested with NC 7 and Florunner as checks in replicated trials at two locations in North Carolina and one in northern Florida in 1996 and 1997. Pod yield and grade were measured. The SMK sample from each plot was evaluated by a descriptive sensory panel. NC 7, the standard large-seeded virginia cultivar, scored low for sweet sensory attribute, high for bitter and median for roasted peanut. UF 714021, a multiline incorporating the Altika cultivar along with several selections out of Altika, had the best flavor profile of the large-seeded selections, but it did not have particularly large seeds relative to NC 7 (786 vs 1016 mg/seed-1 [P<0.01]). One very large-seeded (1186 mg/seed-1) selection derived from Japan Jumbo had flavor scores slightly superior to NC 7 (3.06 vs 3.04 flavor intensity units (fiu) [ns] for roasted peanut, 2.81 vs 2.66 fiu [ns] for sweet, and 3.50 vs 3.86 fiu [P<0.05] for bitter). Other lines that had or were likely to have had Jenkins Jumbo as a recent ancestor were generally poor in roasted flavor, supporting the hypothesis that ancestry from Jenkins Jumbo imparts poor flavor characteristics.