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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Mississippi State, Mississippi » Crop Science Research Laboratory » Genetics and Sustainable Agriculture Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #102559
Title: GROWTH REGULATION OF COTTON FIBERS

Author
item BASRA, AMARJIT - PUNJAB AGRIC UNIVERSITY
item Saha, Sukumar

Submitted to: Book Chapter
Publication Type: Book / Chapter
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/26/1999
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: The overall objective of this report was to write a review paper on the growth and regulation of cotton fiber cell development. Normally, a cotton fiber cell originates and elongates as a single cell witout any cell division. However, recent reports have indicated that fiber cells can undergo cell division under in vitro conditions. This discovery is important because a comparison of dividing versus no-dividing fiber cells at a very young stage provides an opportunity to identify factors involved in cell division and morphogenesis of cotton fiber. Temperature plays an important role in fiber elongation. It is well documented that developing fibers under cool temperature have a prolonged growth period and reduced length and cell wall thickening. Secondary cell wall synthesis is more sensitive to cool temperatures than the primary cell wall. This chapter describes a detailed review on the effect of temperature and phytohormones on fiber development. The paper also describes the physiology of fiber development in conjunction with increased water uptake and the role of wall peroxidases in fiber elongation during secondary cell wall thickening. Elongation of fiber cells was also discussed.

Technical Abstract: The cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., fiber origin and development remain mostly unknown. Cotton fiber, an elongated single epidermal cell of the ovule with a thickened cellulosic secondary cell wall goes thorugh four overlapping phases: (1) initiation, (2) elongation, (3) secondary cell wall synthesis, and (4) maturation. Fiber initiation is tied to fertilization and in the process involves control of the cell cycle. Multi-cellular fibers offer a means for not only studying control of fiber initiation but also the basic mechanisms of plant cell cycle regulation. Environmental factors such as temperature, physiological factors, hormones, genetic factors, and glucanse gene expression all interact in cellular responses like turgor pressure and cell wall loosening that result in the development of the mature cotton fiber. This paper describes a detailed review on the control of cell cycle genes in fiber initiation, fiber growth and development.