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Submitted to: Pennsylvania Grazing and Forage Conference Proceedings
Publication Type: Proceedings Publication Acceptance Date: 2/12/2000 Publication Date: 3/1/2000 Citation: Soder, K.J. 2000. Dry cow nutrition and the transition cow. Pennsylvania Grazing And Forage Conference Proceedings. 2000. p. 1-4. Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: The dry period of the dairy cow is a critical determinant of the productivity and profitability of the dairy enterprise. Traditionally, the dry period has been considered a "rest period" for the dairy cow, and these animals typically have not been managed as intensively as the lactating cow. We now realize that this period in the life cycle of the cow is when dramatic metabolic and physiological changes are occurring in preparation for the next lactation. Many herd problems can be traced to nutrition and management during the dry period, including low peak milk, sluggish intake post-calving, metabolic disorders, reproductive problems, body condition loss, and mastitis. Lost milk production, veterinary charges, extra labor for cow care, drugs, and discarded milk amount to $285 for each retained placenta, $340 for displaced abomasum, $334 for milk fever, and $145 for ketosis. In addition, research has indicated that properly managed dry cow wprograms will result in an additional 2,000 lb. of milk per cow per year. By combining these lowered expenses and increased revenue from additional milk sales, preventing dry cow problems can make a significant economic impact on the farm. This paper will briefly outline general feeding strategies for dry cows, including forages, grain supplementation, anionic salts, pasture for dry cows, and the transition period to lactation. Producers must take a hard look at dry cow feeding and plan what to feed, rather than feeding whatever is available. For a successful transition from the dry period to lactation, it is important to maintain nutrient intake and prevent metabolic disorders pre- and post-calving. This is accomplished by feeding a balanced and palatable ration, as well as proper management. |
