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Title: FIRST REPORT OF BARLEY YELLOW STREAK MOSAIC VIRUS-INFECTED BARLEY IN ALASKA

Author
item ROBERTSON, NANCY
item BRUMFIELD, S. - MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Plant Disease
Publication Type: Research Notes
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/29/2000
Publication Date: 5/1/2000
Citation: Robertson, N.L., Brumfield, S.K. First report of barley yellow streak mosaic virus-infected barley in Alaska. Plant Disease. 84:595,2000; published on-line as D-2000-0302-02N

Interpretive Summary: In 1982, barley yellow streak mosaic virus (BaYSMV) disease was discovered in north central Montana. During the following 17 years, its incidence appeared to have been confined to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and Alberta, Canada. In July 1999, BaYSMV was found in the Alaskan interior. Barley plants growing on dry-land experimental plots at the University of Alaska- Fairbanks exhibited parallel streaks and leaf banding. Leaves were collected and analyzed by transmission, serology, and electron microscopy. Mechanical inoculation from diseased sap and not healthy to the indicator test plant, Nicotiana benthamiana, gave mosaic symptoms. Long filamentous particles that matched the size and shape of BaYSMV were detected in ultrathin sections of diseased barley and mosaic N. benthaminana by electron microscopy. By using BaYSMV polyclonal antiserum, particles were detected by immuno-sorbent electron microscopy and a 33-34kDa protein by western blot analysis from only diseased plants. Based on the serology, th virus particles size and shape, and the transmission host range, BaYSMV was concluded to be associated with a barley disease for the first time in Alaska.

Technical Abstract: Detection of barley yellow streak mosaic virus, BaYSMV, has been confined to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and Alberta, Canada. In July 1999, BaYSMV was detected from barley in the Alaskan interior. Dry-land barley grown on the University of Alaska-Fairbanks experimental plots had leaves with parallel steaks nad banding. Leaves were collected and analyzed by transmission, serology, and electron microscopy. Inoculation of only diseased barley sap gave mosaic symptoms to Nicotiana benthamiana. Long filamentous virions that had the same dimensions as BaYSMV were revealed in ultrathin sections of diseased barley and N. benthamiana. BaYSMV was then confirmed by immuno- sorbent electron microscopy assays and western blot analysis using BaYSMV polyclonal antiserum. Total protein extracts from diseased barley tissue and from inocluated N. benthamiana, along with portein extracted from partially purified preparations were all found to have a unique 33-34kDa when applied to a 12 percent SDS-PAGE minigel and stained with Coomassie blue or reacted with BaYSMV antiserum. This is the first serological documentation of a BaYSMV specific protein, and that it is the main antigen recognized by the BaYSMV polyclonal antiserum. This is the first report of BaYSMV polyclonal antiserum. This is the first report of BaYSVM occurring in Alaska and outside the contiguous U.S. and Alberta, Canada.