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Title: A COMPLETE SET OF MAIZE INDIVIDUAL CHROMOSOME ADDITIONS TO THE OAT GENOME

Author
item KYNAST, RALF - UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
item RIERA LIZARAZU, OSCAR - UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
item VALES, M - UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
item OKAGAKI, RON - UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
item MAQUIEIRA, SILVIA - UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
item CHEN, GANG - UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
item ANANIEV, EVGUENI - UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
item ODLAND, WADE - UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
item Rines, Howard
item PHILLIPS, RONALD - UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA

Submitted to: Plant Physiology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/14/2001
Publication Date: 3/30/2001
Citation: KYNAST, R.G., RIERA LIZARAZU, O., VALES, M.I., OKAGAKI, R.J., MAQUIEIRA, S.B., CHEN, G., ANANIEV, E.V., ODLAND, W.E., RINES, H.W., PHILLIPS, R.L. A COMPLETE SET OF MAIZE INDIVIDUAL CHROMOSOME ADDITIONS TO THE OAT GENOME. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY. 2001. V. 125. P. 1216-1227.

Interpretive Summary: Recent reports of the elucidation of the genetic blueprint (DNA sequence structure) of two plants, the small mustard-like plant Arabidopsis and the cereal grain rice, have provided a major step forward in understanding how plants grow and convert sun-energy to food for humans and animals. Efforts to elucidate the genetic blueprint of our major cereal crop corn is much more challenging because its genome or total DNA sequence is several times larger than that of Arabidopsis or rice, and more complex because much of its genome exists in a duplicate form. The DNA within the cells of plants and animals comes distributed in packages termed chromosomes. The basic number of chromosomes varies with species; corn has ten. Earlier we described the recovery of some novel partial hybrids between oat and corn in which a portion of the corn's genetic material, one of the ten chromosomes, is added to the complete genome of oat. The recovered plant is sbasically an oat plant carrying a specific portion of the corn genome. Now we report the recovery of a complete set of corn chromosome-addition lines; that is, a set of ten lines with each line containing a different one of the ten corn chromosomes. This complete set of plants provides the opportunity to isolate and study the corn's complex genetic material a portion at a time. These novel materials represent powerful tools for the many scientists working in the field of corn genomics and its application to corn genetic improvement.

Technical Abstract: All ten chromosomes of maize (Zea mays L., 2n = 2x = 20) were recovered as single additions to the haploid complement of oat (Avena sativa L., 2n = 6x = 42) among F1 plants generated from crosses involving three different lines of maize to eight different lines of oat. In vitro rescue culture of more than 4300 immature F1 embryos resulted in a germination frequency of 11% with recovery of 379 F1 plantlets (8.7%) of moderately vigorous growth. Some F1 plants were sectored with distinct chromosome constitutions among tillers of the same plant and also between root and shoot cells. Meiotic restitution facilitated development of unreduced gametes in the F1. Self-pollination of these partially fertile F1 plants resulted in disomic additions (2n = 6x+2 = 44) for maize chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 9. Maize chromosome 8 was recovered as a monosomic addition (2n = 6x+1 = 43). Monosomic additions for maize chromosomes 5 and 10 to a haploid complement of oat (n = 3x+1 = 22) were recovered several times among the F1 plants. Although partially fertile, these chromosome 5 and 10 addition plants have not yet transmitted the added maize chromosome to F2 offspring. We discuss the development and general utility of this set of oat-maize addition lines as a novel tool for maize genomics and genetics.