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ARS Home » Plains Area » Fargo, North Dakota » Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center » Sunflower and Plant Biology Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #122167
Title: REGISTRATION OF ONE MAINTAINER (HA 425) AND TWO RESTORER (RHA 426 AND RHA 427) IMIDAZOLINONE HERBICIDE-RESISTANT SUNFLOWER GERMPLASMS

Author
item Miller, Jerry
item AL-KHATIB, K - KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/31/2001
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: One sunflower maintainer line, HA 425, and two restorer lines, RHA 426 and RHA 427, were developed and released by the USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND, and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Fargo, ND. All three germplasms are resistant to two imidazolinone herbicides, imazamox (Raptor) and imazethapyr (Pursuit). The National Sunflower Association surveyed producers of sunflower and in two of the last three years, broad-leaf weed control was their number one production concern. The application of imidazolinone herbicide would control most of the major broad-leaf weeds affecting sunflower yields. For no-till or minimum-till producers, a tank mix of an imidazolinone herbicide along with a grass control herbicide would control both broad-leaf weeds and grassy weeds affecting sunflower yields. This would allow producers moisture conservation as they would not have to apply and incorporate a pre-emergent herbicide for grass control. These releases provide germplasm to industry and public researchers to produce hybrids resistant to imidazolinone herbicides or can be used to create new germplasm or parental lines in proprietary programs.

Technical Abstract: One sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) maintainer line, HA 425, and two restorer lines, RHA 426 and RHA 427, were developed and released by the USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND, and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Fargo, ND. All three germplasms are resistant to two imidazolinone herbicides, imazamox (Raptor) and imazethapyr (Pursuit). They were developed from crosses with a wild H. annuus population collected in Kansas. The wild H. annuus population was growing in a soybean field that had been repeatedly treated with imazethapyr. A backcross breeding procedure utilizing embryo culture and selection with imazamox was used to create the three germplasms. All plants resistant to imazamox were found to be resistant to imazethapyr. Hybrids treated with a 1X, 2X, or 3X rate of imazamox and imazethapyr at two locations, Prosper, ND, and Hays, KS, showed only chlorotic symptoms in the first three weeks after treatment. No chlorosis of plants or any other symptom was noted after three weeks. There were no differences in yield between any treated plots and the untreated check.