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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Stuttgart, Arkansas » Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #125479
Title: ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL IN RICE GERMPLASM AGAINST DUCKSALAD, REDSTEM AND BARNYARD GRASS

Author
item DILDAY, H - USDA ARS RETIRED
item MATTICE, JOHN - UNIV ARK
item MOLDENHAUER, KAREN - UA RREC
item Yan, Wengui

Submitted to: Journal of Crop Production
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/1/2001
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Rice allelopathic activity to major weeds is important for biological control of the weeds in the field. Of 17,279 accessions or varieties of rice from 110 countries in the USDA-ARS world collection, about 12,000 accessions have been evaluated for allelopathy to ducksalad, and about 5,000 have been evaluated for redstem and barnyardgrass. A total of 412 rice accessions were identified having an area of allelopathic activity greater than 10 cm in radius to ducksalad and 145 accessions having the same area of activity to redstem in field tests of 1988, 1989, and 1990. Ninety-four accessions demonstrated apparent allelopathic activity to barnyardgrass. The rice accessions that showed allelopathic activity in the field had 2-3 times more root biomass than those cultivars that did not show allelopathic activity. These allelopathic accessions can be potentially useful for breeding allelopathic rice cultivars and controlling weeds in a biological way.

Technical Abstract: Of 17,279 rice accessions or varieties from 10 countries in the USDA-ARS rice working collection, about 12,000 accessions in the rice collection have been evaluated for allelopathy to ducksalad (Heteranthera limosa [Sw.]Willd.) And about 5,000 have been evaluated for allelopathy to redstem (Ammannia coccinea Rottb.) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus- galli {L.}Beauv.). A total of 412 rice accessions were identified in field tests in 1988, 1989 and 1990 that had an area of allelopathic activity > 10 cm to ducksalad and 145 accessions that had the same area of activity to redstem. A total of 94 accessions demonstrated apparent allelopathic activity to barnyardgrass. The rice accessions that showed allelopathic activity in the field had 2-3 times more root biomass than cultivars that did not show allelopathic activity. In barnyardgrass infested plots the grain yield reduction of rice accessions that demonstrated allelopathy activity was about 37% as compared to a 60 to 68% reduction in grain yield of non-allelopathic accessions. Chromatograms of allelopathic and non-allelopathic accessions fall into two types, one that is represented by the allelopathic PI 312777 and the other by the non-allelopathic cultivar 'Rexmont'.