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Title: GENETIC ANALYSIS OF FEED QUALITY AND SEED WEIGHT OF SORGHUM INBRED LINES AND HYBRIDS USING ANALYTICAL METHODS AND NIRS

Author
item HICKS, C - KSU, MANHATTAN, KS 66506
item TUINSTRA, M - KSU, MANHATTAN, KS 66506
item PEDERSEN, J - USDA-ARS LINCOLN, NE
item Dowell, Floyd
item KOFOID, K - KSU, HAYS, KS 67601

Submitted to: Euphytica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/19/2001
Publication Date: 9/1/2002
Citation: Hicks, C., Tuinstra, M.R., Pedersen, J., Dowell, F.E., Kofoid, K. 2002. Genetic analysis of feed quality and seed weight of sorghum inbred lines and hybrids using analytical methods and nirs. Euphytica. 2002. 127(1):31-40.

Interpretive Summary: Very little research has been conducted to develop rapid sorghum quality prediction methods. NIR spectroscopy was used to predict crude protein, fat, starch, protein digestibility, and in vitro dry matter disappearance using both whole grains and ground samples. Crude protein could be predicted by NIR spectroscopy with good accuracy, followed by starch and protein digestibility. Fat and in vitro dry matter disappearance were not well correlated to NIR spectra. Results obtained from ground samples were better than those obtained from whole grain. These results indicate that NIR spectroscopy may be useful to researchers and industry to rapidly predict sorghum attributes.

Technical Abstract: Eight lines of grain sorghum and their F1 hybrids were evaluated for contents of crude protein (CP), fat (FAT), and starch (STA); protein digestibility (PD); and in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD). The effect of seed weight (SW) on these traits and the potential use of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict them also were investigated. The male lines included three normal-seeded lines (TX2737, TX435, and P954063) and two large-seeded lines (PL-1 and Eastin1). The female lines included common U.S. seed parent lines (Wheatland, Redlan, and SA3042). The lines and their hybrids were grown under dryland conditions at Kansas State University experiment fields in Ashland and Belleville, Kansas in 1999. The experiments were conducted using a randomized complete block design with four replications at each location. The effect of genotype was significant for all measured traits. The male parent lines were highly variable and expressed high levels of genetic variation in combining ability for CP, PD, STA, and SW. The female parents were genetically more uniform; however, significant general combining ability effects were noted for PD and SW. Significant negative correlations were noted between CP and STA and between SW and STA. Significant positive correlations were found between CP and SW and between FAT and IVDMD. Crude protein content was predicted accurately by NIRS. Fat content and IVDMD could not be predicted by NIRS. The NIRS equations based on ground samples were more accurate than those based on whole-seed samples.