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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Mississippi State, Mississippi » Crop Science Research Laboratory » Genetics and Sustainable Agriculture Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #138309
Title: USE OF PRIMITIVE ACCESSION OF COTTON AS SOURCES OF GENES FOR IMPROVING YIELD COMPONENTS AND FIBER PROPERTIES

Author
item McCarty, Jack
item Jenkins, Johnie
item WU, JIXIANG - MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV

Submitted to: Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station Technical Bulletin
Publication Type: Experiment Station
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/15/2003
Publication Date: 3/1/2003
Citation: MCCARTY JR, J.C., JENKINS, J.N., WU, J. USE OF PRIMITIVE ACCESSIONS OF COTTON AS SOURCES OF GENES FOR IMPROVING YIELD COMPONENTS AND FIBER PROPERTIES. MISSISSIPPI AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY EXPERIMENT STATION TECHNICAL BULLETIN 1130. 2003. 17p.

Interpretive Summary: To meet textile mill requirements and producer demands both fiber quality and lint yield of cotton must be increased. This study was conducted to compare yield and fiber properties when exotic cotton lines are crossed to commercial varieties. Fourteen lines derived from selected exotic accessions with high fiber strength were crossed as male parents to each of five varieties. The F2 hybrids and parents were grown in two different field locations in 1998 and 1999; whereas, the F3 hybrids were grown in two locations in 2000. Hybrids and parents were evaluated for yield, yield components and fiber quality traits. Combination of locations and years were considered as environments for data analyses. All traits measured were significantly affected by environment. The varieties had higher yields and lint percentages than the exotic lines. Fiber strength for exotic lines exceeded that of varieties. The mean lint yield for F2 hybrids exceeded the mid-parent value. Lint percentage, boll size, micronaire, elongation, and fiber length were similar between F2 and F3 hybrids and near mid-parent values. Most traits were highly correlated between F2 and F3 generations; however, seed cotton yield and lint yield were not correlated between F2 and F3. This data will be useful for applied cotton breeding programs

Technical Abstract: The breeding of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., to improve lint yield and fiber quality is an on going processes. To meet textile mill requirements and producer demands both fiber quality and lint yield must be increased. This study was conducted to compare yield and fiber properties when exotic lines are crossed to commercial cultivars. Fourteen lines derived from selected primitive accessions with high fiber strength were crossed as male parents to each of five cultivars. The F2 hybrids and parents were grown in two different field locations in 1998 and 1999; whereas, the F3 hybrids were grown in two locations in 2000. Hybrids and parents were evaluated for yield, yield components and fiber quality traits. Combination of locations and years were considered as environments for data analyses. All traits measured were significantly affected by environment. The cultivars had higher yields and lint percentages than the exotic male parent lines. Fiber strength for exotic parents exceeded that of cultivars. The mean lint yield for F2 hybrids exceeded the mid-parent value. Lint percentage, boll size, micronaire, elongation, and fiber length were similar between F2 and F3 hybrids and near mid-parent values. Most traits were highly correlated between F2 and F3 generations; however, seed cotton yield and lint yield were not correlated between F2 and F3. This study provides useful data for cotton breeding programs.