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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Mississippi State, Mississippi » Crop Science Research Laboratory » Genetics and Sustainable Agriculture Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #151071
Title: PRIMITIVE ACCESSION GERMPLASM BY CULTIVAR CROSSES AS SOURCES FOR COTTON IMPROVEMENT II: GENETIC EFFECTS AND GENOTYPIC VALUES

Author
item McCarty, Jack
item Jenkins, Johnie
item WU, JIXIANG - MISS STATE UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/30/2003
Publication Date: 6/1/2004
Citation: McCarty Jr., J.C., Jenkins, J.N., Wu, J. 2004. Primitive accession derived germplasm by cultivar crosses as sources for cotton improvement: II. Genetic effects and genotypic values. Crop Science. 44:1231-1235.

Interpretive Summary: Primitive accessions of cotton may provide useful traits for developing new cultivars. To enhance their utility and encourage their use in breeding programs this study was conducted to predict genetic effects for day-neutral derived lines from primitive accessions when crossed to cultivars. Parents and second generation progeny were grown in the field during 1998 and 1999 and parents and third generation progeny were grown in 2000. Yield, yield components, and fiber quality traits were measured and evaluated. An additive-dominance, additive by additive genetic model was used for analysis. A mixed linear model was used to predict genetic effects and genotype values. Generally, the female cultivar parents had higher additive genetic effects for seed cotton yield, lint yield, and lint percentage; however, these females generally had lower additive effects for fiber strength. There was a good relationship between observed progeny values and predicted values for yield, lint percentage, boll size, fiber elongation, fiber strength, and 2.5% fiber span length. Our study showed that fiber strength can be improved from that of cultivar parents, while maintaining lint yield. This study provides information on useful gene resources for selecting high yielding lines with improved fiber strength.

Technical Abstract: Primitive accessions of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., may provide useful traits for cultivar improvement. The ability to predict their early generation performance when crossed with commercial cultivars would enhance their utility and encourage their use in breeding programs. Our objective for this study was to predict genetic effects for day-neutral derived lines from primitive accessions crossed to cultivars using a mixed linear model. Parents and F2 hybrids were grown at two field locations in 1998 and 1999 and parents and F3's were grown at two locations in 2000. Yield, yield components, and fiber quality traits were evaluated. An additive-dominance additive by additive (ADAA) model was employed for the genetic analysis. A mixed linear model, minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE) was used to predict genetic effects and genotype values. Generally, the female cultivar parents had higher additive effects for seed cotton yield, lint yield, and lint percentage; however, these females generally had lower additive effects for fiber strength. Significant AA effects widely existed among parents and hybrids for lint percent, boll size, and fiber strength. The correlation coefficients between observed hybrid values and predicted values were in good agreement for all agronomic traits, elongation, fiber strength, and 2.5% fiber span length. These results suggest that it is appropriate to use the ADAA genetic model to predict genetic effects and hybrid genotypic values for other generations. Our study showed that fiber strength can be significantly improved from their female parents, while the lint yield was slightly but not significantly less than their female parents. This study suggested that day-neutral primitive germplasm accessions provided a very useful gene resource for selecting high yielding lines with significantly improved fiber strength.