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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Madison, Wisconsin » Vegetable Crops Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #157226
Title: COMPARISON OF AFLPS, RAPD MARKERS, AND ISOZYMES FOR DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF GARLIC AND DETECTION OF PUTATIVE DUPLICATES IN GERMPLASM COLLECTIONS

Author
item IPEK, MERYEM - UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN
item IPEK, AHMET - UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN
item Simon, Philipp

Submitted to: Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/12/2002
Publication Date: 4/15/2003
Citation: Ipek, M., Ipek, A., Simon, P.W. 2003. Comparison of AFLPs, RAPD markers, and isozymes for diversity assessment of garlic and detection of putative duplicates in germplasm collections. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 128:246-252.

Interpretive Summary: Garlic has been a popular crop for over 5000 years and many types of garlic are known. In spite of garlic's long history, it is difficult to identify and discriminate among different types. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of DNA fingerprinting methods used in medicine to identifying different garlics. We are able to accurately discriminate 120 garlic types and to conclude that about 20% of them are, in fact, duplicates. This information is important for garlic growers, researchers, and germplasm collections to help them identify garlic types being grown

Technical Abstract: Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an asexually propagated crop that displays much morphological diversity. Studies which have assessed garlic diversity with isozymes and RAPD markers generally agreed with the morphological observations but sometimes failed to discriminate clones. To discriminate among closely related garlic clones in more detail, we introduced AFLPs to evaluate the genetic diversity and phenetic relatedness of 45 garlic clones and three A. longicuspis clones and we compared AFLP results with RAPD markers and isozymes. Three AFLP primer combinations generated a total of 183 polymorphic fragments. Although similarities between the clusters were low (=0.30), some clones within the clusters were very similar (>0.95) with AFLP analysis. Sixteen clones represented only six different banding patterns, within which they shared 100% polymorphic AFLPs and RAPD markers, and likely are duplicates. In agreement with the results of other investigators, A. longicuspis and A. sativum clones were clustered together with no clear separation, suggesting these species are not genetically or specifically distinct. The topology of AFLP, RAPD and isozyme dendrograms were similar, but RAPD and isozyme dendrograms reflected less and much less polymorphism, respectively. Comparison of UPGMA dendrograms of AFLP, RAPD and isozyme cluster analyses using the Mantel test indicated a correlation of 0.96, 0.55, and 0.57 between AFLP and RAPD, AFLP and isozyme, and RAPD and isozyme, respectively. Polymorphic AFLPs are abundant in garlic and demonstrated genetic diversity among closely related clones which could not be differentiated with RAPD markers and isozymes. Therefore, AFLP is an additional tool for fingerprinting and detailed assessment of genetic relationships in garlic.