Skip to main content
ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Albany, California » Western Regional Research Center » Healthy Processed Foods Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #157305
Title: IN VITRO BINDING OF BILE ACIDS BY KIDNEY BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS), BLACK GRAM (VIGNA MUNGO), BENGAL GRAM (CICER ARIETINUM) AND MOTH BEAN (PHASEOLUS ACONITIFOLINS)

Author
item Kahlon, Talwinder
item Smith, Gordon
item Shao, Qiming

Submitted to: Food Chemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/22/2004
Publication Date: 7/1/2005
Citation: Kahlon, T.S., Smith, G.E., Shao, Q. In vitro binding of bile acids by kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris), black gram (vigna mungo), bengal gram (cicer arietinum) and moth bean (phaseolus aconitifolins). Food Chemistry. 2005. 90:241-246.

Interpretive Summary: The healthful potential of kidney bean, black gram, bengal gram and moth bean was evaluated by determining their in vitro bile acid binding. Relative bile acid binding considering cholestyramine (a cholesterol lowering drug) as 100% bound, on an equal dry matter and protein basis were kidney bean, 3 and 12%; black gram, 3 and 15%; bengal gram, 7 and 35%; moth bean, 3 and 13%, respectively. The difference in bile acid binding between various beans tested may relate to the variability in their phytonutrients (flavonoid, tannin, estrogenic content), non-protein composition, structure, hydrophobicity of undigested fractions, anionic or cationic nature of the metabolites produced during digestion or their interaction with active binding sites. The animal and human studies should be conducted using these beans to explore their potential for lowering blood lipids, lipoprotein and atherosclerosis risk and other healthful properties.

Technical Abstract: The in vitro binding of bile acids by kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris), black gram (vigna mungo), bengal gram (cicer arietinum) and moth bean (phaseolus aconitifolins) was determined using a mixture of bile acids secreted in human bile at a duodenal physiological pH of 6.3. Six treatments and two blank incubations were conducted testing substrates on an equal protein basis. Considering cholestyramine as 100 bound, the relative in vitro bile acid binding for the kidney bean, black gram, bengal gram and moth bean on equal protein basis was 12, 15, 35 and 13%, respectively. Relative bile acid binding on equal dry matter (DM), total dietary fiber (TDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) basis was for kidney bean 3, 11 and 14%, black gram 3, 29 and 36%, bengal gram 7, 27 and 29%, and moth bean 3, 19 and 21%, respectively. Except for bengal gram where values were much higher, bile acid binding by kidney bean, black gram and moth bean appear to be related to their DM and protein content. These results point to bile acid binding by bengal gram > black gram = moth beans = kidney bean as indicative of their health-promoting potential. Data suggest that of all four kinds of beans tested, bile acid binding may be related to the anionic, cationic, physical and chemical structure, composition, metabolites, or their interaction with active binding sites. Animal studies are in progress to validate relationship of in vitro bile acid binding of various beans observed herein to lipid, cholesterol-lowering and atherosclerosis amelioration.