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Title: Agronomic Effect of Wheat-Rye Translocation Carrying Rye Chromatin (1R) From Different Sources

Author
item KIM, WOOK - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
item JOHNSON, JERRY - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
item BAENAIGER, P - UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA
item GAINES, CHARLES
item BARNETT, RON - UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/15/2004
Publication Date: 7/11/2004
Citation: Kim, W., Johnson, J.W., Baenaiger, P.S., Gaines, C.S., Barnett, R. 2004. Agronomic Effect of Wheat-Rye Translocation Carrying Rye Chromatin (1R) From Different Sources. Crop Science. 44:1254-1258.

Interpretive Summary: Translocating rye genes into wheat causes the resulting cross to have unpredictable performance in the field, in the mill, and in the bakery. Various translocations (on chromosome 1RS) was studied for adaption to humid regions of southeastern North America. Pavon 76 was the receiving wheat variety. One translocation (1RS) was most favorable for agronomic performance, increasing grain yield. However, the effect of the particular source of rye chromatin was greater than its position effect in wheat genome. Thus, soft wheat breeders may make their selection of specific 1RS source genes to produce constantly higher grain yield in 1RS translocation soft wheat test lines as well as vary the source translocation to create more genetic variation.

Technical Abstract: The confounding effect of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genetic background has been addressed as the major factor in inconsistent agronomic performances of IRS translocation. The objective of this study was to test the effects of centric translocations of chromosome 1 in various rye (Secale cereal L.) Sources on agronomic performance of wheat grown in humid southeastern conditions in North America. Various 1R substitution, 1RS translocation, and 1RL translocation lines in 'Pavon 76' were evaluated for agronomic performance. The 1RS translocation line was most favorable for agronomic performance when compared with those of substitution, 1RL translocation, and controls. The 1RS significantly increased grain yield. However, the effect of source of rye chromatin was greater than its position effect in wheat genome. Among translocation lines, those with 1RS derived from 'E12165' (CIMMYT) and 'Amigo' induced higher mean grain yield and T1DL-1RS derived from 'BH1146/Blanco rye' had the lowest grain yield. The mean grain yield of 1RL translocation lines was lower than that of 1R substitution. This, selection of 1RS source is important in producing constantly higher grain yield in 1RS translocation lines. Genetic recombination among different 1RS may also be used to create more genetic variation.