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ARS Home » Plains Area » Manhattan, Kansas » Center for Grain and Animal Health Research » Grain Quality and Structure Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #163052
Title: SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION OF NONPOLAR AND POLAR CLASSES OF WHEAT FLOUR LIPIDS USING SUPERCRITICAL-CARBON DIOXIDE WITH ETHANOL MODIFIER

Author
item Ram, M
item Chung, Okkyung

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/21/2004
Publication Date: 9/19/2004
Citation: Ram, M.S., Chung, O.K. 2004. Sequential extraction of nonpolar and polar classes of wheat flour lipids using supercritical-carbon dioxide with ethanol modifier. Abstract No. 222. Page 121 in: Program Book of the 89th Annual Meeting of the AACC.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Wheat flour free lipids (FL), a minor constituent, play significant roles in breadmaking and contribute to bread quality prediction as the secondary quality determinant (QD) with flour protein as the primary QD. The ratios of nonpolar (NL) to polar lipids (PoL) in FL of given flours are inversely related to the size of bread baked from the corresponding flours. To obtain this ratio, we need to perform two steps, viz., extraction and fractionation. Our objective was to develop a one-step procedure that will sequentially extract NL, followed by PoL, using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) by optimizing the pressure (P), temperature (T) and modifier concentration. Extraction parameters were varied for P (4,500-7,500 psi), T (60 to 80 degrees C), and modifier (0 or 11% mole fraction, ethanol). Four flour samples were first extracted with 0% modifier at varying P and T, followed by one at P = 7,500 psi, T = 80 degrees C and 11% ethanol ("SFE1"). The "SFE1" condition alone can extract lipids of 0.63% NL and 0.37% PoL, fractionated by the solid-phase-extraction (SPE) cartridges. Those quantities of NL and PoL were matched by that obtained in sequential SFE conditions (6,500 psi and 60 degrees C followed by "SFE1") . The new one-step SFE procedure can perform the dual steps of extraction and fractionation and determine the NL/PoL ratios of many samples per day. Thus, it might be able to screen early generation wheat breeding lines, based on FL composition.