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Title: COMPARISON OF INSULIN RESISTANCE MEASURES IN MEN AND WOMEN AFTER CONSUMPTION OF WHOLE WHEAT/BROWN RICE OR BARLEY

Author
item BEHALL, KAY
item SCHOLFIELD, DANIEL
item HALLFRISCH, JUDITH - RETIRED, ARS, DHPL

Submitted to: American College of Nutrition
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/1/2004
Publication Date: 10/1/2004
Citation: Behall, K.M., Scholfield, D.J., Hallfrisch, J.G. 2004. Comparison of insulin resistance measures in men and women after consumption of whole wheat/brown rice or barley. American College of Nutrition 23:476.

Interpretive Summary: none

Technical Abstract: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are serious health problems in the United States. Obesity increases the risk of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance may be the initial step in the development of type 2 diabetes. A number of formulae have been proposed to assess the degree of insulin resistance. Soluble fiber has been recognized as beneficial in improving blood glucose levels and other cardiovascular risk factors. Barley has high amounts of soluble fiber but is not utilized extensively in the US diet. Mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects (9 post-menopausal women, 9 pre-menopausal women, and 7 men) consumed controlled Step one diets for 17 wk; a 2 wk adaptation period, followed by 3 whole grain diets containing foods with either 0, 3, or 6 g ß glucan/day from barley consumed for 5 wk each in a Latin square design. Average fasting glucose and insulin concentrations were in the normal range. Men and premenopausal women had higher fasting insulin after consuming the 3 whole grain diets compared to the adaptation period. Bennett calculations after the diet with 3 g ß glucan were higher than after other whole grain diets. No significant differences between the 3 whole grain diets were observed for the HOMA1, QUIKI, or weighted measures including triglyceride concentrations or BMI. The small changes in insulin or insulin resistance measures observed with the whole grain diets do not appear to be physiologically significant.