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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Mississippi State, Mississippi » Poultry Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #166498
Title: FAT QUALITY ASSESSMENTS OF FEED-GRADE AND PET FOOD-GRADE POULTRY BY-PRODUCT MEALS

Author
item DOZIER III, WILLIAM
item DALE, N - UNIV OF GEORGIA
item GIESEN, A - NOVUS INT'L, INC.

Submitted to: Journal of Applied Poultry Research
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/25/2004
Publication Date: 9/25/2004
Citation: Dozier III, W.A., Dale, N.M., Giesen, A.F. 2004. Fat quality assessments of feed-grade and pet food-grade poultry by-product meals. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 13:680-683.

Interpretive Summary: Poultry by-product meal is a primary protein source for poultry. It is also relatively high in fat content (14%). Fat stability problems are well known to cause oxidation of vitamins, which results in poor animal well-being, poor growth rate, mortality, and morbidity of broiler chicks. In recent years, the pet food industry, which is willing to pay a premium for poultry by-product meal of a defined composition, has placed increased demand for higher quality poultry by-product meal. Determining fat stability of feed-grade versus pet food-grade poultry by-product meals will be advantageous to the poultry industry. Using standard laboratory methods, results indicated that initial peroxide value, 4 hour AOM, and 20 hour AOM values were higher in the pet food-grade in the summer months than feed-grade poultry by-product meal. Thus, the utilization of higher quality pet food-grade poultry by-product meal in poultry feed is not justified as it relates to fat quality.

Technical Abstract: Ether extract composition of poultry by-product meal (PBM) varies among feed-grade and pet food-grade sources. Since feed-grade PBM contains a wider variety of processing residues than pet food-grade PBM, it is presumed to be of lower fat quality (i.e. stability). This potential difference in fat quality (i.e. stability) between PBM sources can be accentuated by high environmental temperatures. A total of forty-six PBM samples (25 feed-grade and 21 pet food-grade) were collected from commercial feed mills located in the southeastern U.S. within 60 d intervals during the winter and summer months. For samples from winter collection, feed-grade PBM had lower fat stability than pet food-grade PBM. Conversely, pet food-grade PBM samples received in the summer were characterized as having poor stability, and the amount of analyzed residual antioxidant concentration in pet food-grade PBM was half that found in the feed-grade PBM samples. Seasonal effects appeared to be related to the extent of fat oxidation. In general, samples obtained in the summer had poor stability when compared with those collected during the winter, regardless of source. These results confirmed that fat in PBM requires an adequate amount of antioxidant protection, even when meals are derived from prime offal components.