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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Gainesville, Florida » Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology » Chemistry Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #166840
Title: EFFECTS OF APPLICATION METHODS AND PLASTIC COVERS ON DISTRIBUTION OF CIS- AND TRANS-1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE AND CHLOROPICRIN IN ROOT ZONE

Author
item OU, L - UNIV. OF FLORIDA
item THOMAS, J - UNIV. OF FLORIDA
item Allen Jr, Leon
item MCCORMACK, L - UNIV. OF FLORIDA
item Vu, Joseph
item DICKSON, D - UNIV. OF FLORIDA

Submitted to: Journal of Nematology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/25/2005
Publication Date: 12/1/2005
Citation: Ou, L.T., Thomas, J.E., Allen Jr, L.H., Mccormack, L.A., Vu, J.C., Dickson, D.W. 2005. Effects of application methods and plastic covers on distribution of cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin in root zone. Journal of Nematology. 37(4):483-488.

Interpretive Summary: With the phase-out of methyl bromide scheduled for 2005, alternative soil fumigants and new application methods must be adapted. USDA, ARS, scientists and University of Florida scientists at Gainesville, FL, determined the effects of three application methods (shank injection, Yetter coulter injection, and drip tube) and two plastic bed covers [virtually impermeable film (VIF) and polyethylene film (PE)] on concentrations of (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) in Florida sandy soil. The commercial products Telone C35 and Telone In-Line were used as sources of these chemicals (1,3-D & CP) for injection and drip application, respectively. Regardless of method, beds covered with VIF retained more 1,3-D and CP for longer times than PE covers. Coulter injection promoted better retention of each chemical than shank injection, especially with VIF. Chemicals distributions in drip-applied beds were variable. Control of root-knot nematode on tomato was good in VIF covered beds applied by coulter or drip tube. Results of this study show that coulter injection is better than shank injection, and reconfirms the effectiveness of VIF film for retaining fumigants in the soil for control of nematodes.

Technical Abstract: With the phase-out of methyl bromide scheduled for 2005, alternative soil fumigants must be adapted and new application methods investigated. Effects of three application methods (shank injection, Yetter coulter injection, and drip tube) and two plastic bed covers [virtually impermeable film (VIF) and polyethylene film (PE)] on distributions of cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) in the rooting zone of Florida sandy soil were studied. Commercial Telone C35 and Telone In-Line were used for injection and drip application, respectively. Regardless of method, beds covered with VIF retained more 1,3-D and CP for longer times than PE. Coulter injection promoted better retention of each chemical than shank injection, especially with VIF. Distributions of chemicals in drip-applied beds were less predictable. Control of root-knot nematode in tomato was good in VIF covered beds applied by coulter or drip tape. Thirty-one days after fumigation, total fungal populations in treated plots were not statistically different, perhaps due to stimulation from tomato root exudates. Effectiveness of VIF for retaining fumigants was reconfirmed.