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Title: COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGIC CHANGES IN BROILER CHICKS ON FEED AMENDED WITH FUSARIUM PROLIFERATUM CULTURE MATERIAL OR PURIFIED FUMONISIN B1 AND MONILIFORMIN

Author
item JAVED, T - U OF IL, URBANA, IL
item BUNTE, R - U OF IL, URBANA, IL
item Dombrink Kurtzman, Mary Ann
item RICHARD, J - ROMER LABS, UNION, MO
item BENNETT, G - FORMER ARS, PEORIA, IL
item COTE, L - U OF IL, URBANA, IL
item BUCK, W - U OF IL, URBANA, IL

Submitted to: Mycopathologia
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/23/2005
Publication Date: 6/28/2005
Citation: Javed, T., Bunte, R.M., Dombrink Kurtzman, M., Richard, J.L., Bennett, G.A., Cote, L.M., Buck, W.B. 2005. Comparative pathologic changes in broiler chicks on feed amended with fusarium proliferatum culture material or purified fumonisin b1 and moniliformin. Mycopathologia. 159(4):553-564.

Interpretive Summary: Because corn and corn-based food products can contain fumonisin and moniliformin, the effects of these mycotoxins were examined in chick feeding studies. To investigate the effects of these mycotoxins, diets containing three different levels of fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2 and moniliformin were fed. Postmortem examination showed prominent dose-response gross lesions present in different organs, including heart, liver, kidneys, lungs, gizzard and bursa of Fabricius of chicks. When tissues were examined microscopically, abnormal cell effects were also seen in liver, kidneys, lungs, heart, intestines, gizzard, bursa of Fabricius and pancreas. Even though chickens, compared to other animals, are affected to a lesser degree by fumonisin, there were pathological changes observed even at the lowest level of mycotoxins tested. These results should alert poultry producers of potential adverse effects when diets containing fumonisin and moniliformin are fed.

Technical Abstract: Feed amended with autoclaved culture material (CM) of Fusarium proliferatum containing fumonisin B1 (FB1) (61 - 546 ppm), fumonisin B2 (FB2) (14 - 98 ppm) and moniliformin (66 - 367 ppm) was given to two-hundred twenty eight male chicks in three separate feeding trials. In a fourth feeding trial, purified FB1 (125 and 274 ppm) and moniliformin (27 and 154 ppm) were given separately and in combination (137 and 77 ppm, respectively). Chicks that died during the trial periods, survivors and controls were subjected to postmortem examination. Specimens (liver, kidney, pancreas, lung, brain, intestine, testis, bursa of Fabricius, heart and skeletal muscle) were examined grossly and preserved for subsequent histopathologic and ultrastructural examination. Prominent gross lesions in affected birds fed diets amended with CM or purified FB1 and moniliformin included ascites, hydropericardium, hepatopathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, pneumonitis, gizzard ulceration, and enlarged bursa of Fabricius filled with caseous material. The various concentrations of FB1 and moniliformin in the amended rations produced well-defined dose-response lesions in all groups in all 4 trials. Histopathologic changes included hemorrhage, leucocytic infiltration, fatty change or infiltration, individual cell necrosis and fibrosis in liver, kidneys, lungs, heart, intestines, gizzard, bursae Fabricius and pancreas. Edema and hemorrhage were prominent in brains of treated birds. Ultrastructural changes included cytoplasmic and nuclear enlargement of cells in affected liver, lungs, kidneys, heart and pancreas. There were thickened membranes of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum with loss of ribosomes and vacuolated or deformed mitochondria.