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Title: MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE: TRENDS AND IMPLICATIONS

Author
item Cray, Paula
item HEADRICK, M - FDA-CVM-DAFM-OR
item Englen, Mark
item GRAY, JEFFREY - UNIV OF GUELPH
item Jackson, Charlene
item Tankson, Jeanetta
item ANANDARAMAN, NEENA - USDA-FSIS-OPHS
item SALAMONE, BEN - USDA-FSIS-OPHS
item ROSE, BONNIE - USDA-FSIS-OPHS
item DARGATZ, DAVID - USDA-APHIS-VS-CEAH

Submitted to: National Food Processors Association Meeting
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/13/2005
Publication Date: 1/13/2005
Citation: Cray, P.J., Headrick, M.L., Englen, M.D., Gray, J.T., Jackson, C.R., Tankson, J.D., Anandaraman, N., Salamone, B., Rose, B., Dargatz, D.A. 2005. MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE: TRENDS AND IMPLICATIONS. National Food Processors Association Meeting. January 13, 2005. San Antonio, TX.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a global problem. Although it occurs shortly after the introduction and use of an antimicrobial, resistance levels vary over time. Historically, antimicrobials were regarded as wonder drugs, and for years resistance to a single antimicrobial was overcome by the use of newer, more effective antimicrobials. However, drug development has slowed and multiple antimicrobial resistance (MAR) has developed. MAR has become a serious concern in the animal and human health communities because it compromises treatment and impacts outcome, potentially leading to increased morbidity and mortality. An overview of MAR will be presented, including what we know about the development of MAR, what we think we know, and what we do not know (but need to). MAR as observed in data from the animal arm of the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) will also be presented. NARMS tracks the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, and enterococci. Since the inception of NARMS in 1996, more than 30,000 isolates originating from animals or the production environment have been tested for antimicrobial resistance, and MAR analysis was conducted. To summarize, MAR has emerged in foodborne and commensal bacteria. Many factors, including (but not limited to) serotype, species, resistance to compounds other than antimicrobials, and movement of mobile genetic elements, influence the development of MAR.