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Submitted to: American Peanut Research and Education Society Abstracts
Publication Type: Abstract Only Publication Acceptance Date: 6/1/2005 Publication Date: 7/11/2005 Citation: v.21 Interpretive Summary: NONE REQUIRED. Technical Abstract: Strip tillage with various crop covers in peanut (Arachis hypogeae, L.) production has not shown a clear yield advantage over conventional tillage. This study was conducted to determine pod yield and disease incidence between two tillage practices, five winter cover crops, three peanut varieties, and three fungicide rates. Conventional and strip tillage treatments were implemented on a Greenville sandy loam (fine, kaolinitic, thermic Rhodic Kandiudults) near Shellman, GA. Five winter cereal grain cover crops (strip tillage) and a no cover treatment were sprayed at full (1.0R), half (0.5R) and no (Zero) fungicide rates. Leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola) and white mold (Sclerotium rolfsii) increased as fungicide rate decreased. Within peanut varieties, leaf spot decreased as fungicide increased, however, white mold incidence was the same for the 1.0R and 0.5R fungicide rate but increased at the Zero fungicide rate. Conventional tillage had more leaf spot than strip tillage. There was no leaf spot difference within winter crop covers. There was no difference in white mold incidence with tillage or winter cover crop. There was no yield difference with peanut variety. Pod yield was the same for the 1.0R and 0.5R fungicide rate (3867 kg ha-1) but decreased at the Zero fungicide rate (2740 kg ha-1). Pod yield was greater with conventional tillage and strip tillage with black oats (Avena sativa) (3706 kg ha-1) compared with strip tillage of other winter crop cover treatments (3358 kg ha-1). Conventional tillage had more disease and higher yield compared with strip tillage. The 0.5R fungicide rate had the same yield compared with the 1.0R fungicide rate implying a possible 50% savings on fungicide applications. |
