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Title: PROGRESS TOWARDS ASSEMBLING THE TREE OF LIFE FOR THE BASIDIOMYCOTA

Author
item MATHENY, P - CLARK UNI,WORCHESTRER,MA
item Aime, Mary
item AMMIRATI, J - UNIV OF WASH, SEATTLE,WA

Submitted to: Inoculum
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/2/2005
Publication Date: 7/3/2005
Citation: Matheny, P.B., Aime, M.C., Ammirati, J.F., et.al. 2005. Progress towards assembling the tree of life for the Basidiomycota. Inoculum. 56(4):39.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: The phylogeny of the Basidiomycota has been addressed in a limited way from analysis of nucleotide data. Most studies have relied primarily on single gene analyses of nuclear ribosomal RNA genes (18S or 25S). Confidence measures have been generally inadequate in such studies despite efforts at dense taxon sampling. As part of the the Assembling the Fungal Tree of Life (AFTOL) project, our laboratory is generating multi-locus datasets for resolving higher-level phylogenetic relationships of Basidiomycota. We present results from a nuclear rDNA data set (3.5 kb) for 200 AFTOL basidiomycetes, a protein-coding data set of rpb2, rpb1, and tef1 (1350 amino acids) for 85 taxa, and a combination of these data into a 6-locus data set (18S, 25S, 5.8S, rpb2, rpb1, and tef1). rDNA sequences support a sister relationship between the Ustilaginomycetes (true smut fungi) and the Hymenomycetes (mushroom-forming fungi), a relationship consistent with several ultrustructural and biochemical characters. However, a combination of rDNA and protein-coding genes suggests the Urediniomycetes (rusts and allies) could be the sister group to the Hymenomycetes. Spliceosomal intron placement might support this view. The Microbotrymycetidae (a diverse group including anther smuts and diverse yeasts) appears sister to the Urediniomycetidae with strong measures of support. rDNA Bayesian and rpb2 parsimony analyses, however, fail to support the monophyly of the Exobasidiomycetidae. Basal nodes in the Hymenomycetes are well-resolved and moderately supported in the most gene-rich data sets. In the 6-locus data set, the cantharelloid clade represents the most ancient branch among the Homobasidiomycetes. The trechisporoid and gomphoid-phalloid clades represent a monophyletic group with moderately high bootstrap support. Distal homobasidiomycete clades also receive moderate to high bootstrap support. Examples include: the inclusive monophyly of the athelioid and bolete clades; the sister position of the russuloid clade to the euagarics, atheloid, and bolete clades; and a sister relationship between the thelephoroid and polyporoid clades. contributed presentation.