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Title: CONTROL OF STRIPE RUSTS OF WHEAT AND BARLEY

Author
item Chen, Xianming
item Wood, David
item PENMAN, L - WASHINGTON STATE UNIV
item Ling, Peng
item YAN, G - WASHINGTON STATE UNIV

Submitted to: Washington State University College of Agriculture and Home Economics
Publication Type: Research Notes
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/1/2005
Publication Date: 7/1/2005
Citation: Chen, X., Wood, D.A., Penman, L., Ling, P., Yan, G.P. Control of stripe rusts of wheat and barley. Washington State University College of Agriculture and Home Economics. IN: 2005 Field Day Abstracts, Highlights of Research Progress, Dept of Crop and Soild Sciences. Pages 39-40.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Stripe rusts of wheat and barley were accurately forecasted in 2004. Wheat stripe rust was severe while barley stripe rust was generally light. Fungicide application was implemented to control stripe rust on both winter and spring wheat crops, which prevented major losses. In Washington State, yield losses were reduced to 1.5% for winter wheat and 3% for spring wheat. High-temperature, adult-plant (HTAP) resistance to stripe rust, which is in most winter wheat and the major spring wheat and barley cultivars, continued to be the most effective and durable type of stripe rust resistance. In 2004, 28 races of the wheat stripe rust pathogen and 15 races of the barley stripe rust pathogen were detected, of which six and three races were new for the wheat and barley stripe rust pathogens, respectively. PST-100 was the most predominant race of the wheat stripe rust pathogen throughout the country. More than 13,000 wheat and 5,000 barley entries were evaluated for stripe rust resistance, from which new germplasms and advanced breeding lines with stripe rust resistance were identified. The information was provided to breeding programs for developing and releasing new cultivars with adequate resistance. To more efficiently incorporate stripe rust resistance into commercial cultivars and to understand mechanisms of resistance, crosses were made to identify genes, develop molecular markers for genes, and use the markers to transfer genes for resistance. Molecular markers were identified for several genes in wheat and barley for resistance to stripe rust and other diseases. A bacterial artificial chromosomal (BAC) library was constructed for wheat to clone rust resistance genes. BAC and cDNA libraries were constructed for the wheat stripe rust pathogen to study its genome and functional genomics. More than 30 genes of the rust fungus were identified and primers were designed based on selected genes to study populations of the stripe rust and to determine relationships of the wheat stripe rust to other rusts. Foliar applications of Folicur, Tilt, Quadris, Quilt, Headline, and Stratego were effective for controlling stripe rust when sprayed at the right time. Profitability of fungicide application on various cultivars of wheat and barley without and with different level of stripe rust resistance was determined.