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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Mississippi State, Mississippi » Crop Science Research Laboratory » Genetics and Sustainable Agriculture Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #184005
Title: COMBINING ABILITY OF 13 GOSSYPIUM BARBADENSE L. CHROMOSOMES SUBSTITUTED INTO G. HIRSUTUM L. WHEN TOPCROSSED WITH FIVE DIVERSE CULTIVARS: YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS

Author
item Jenkins, Johnie
item WU, JIXIANG - MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV
item McCarty, Jack
item Saha, Sukumar
item Gutierrez, Osman
item Hayes, Russell - Russ
item STELLY, DAVID - TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/1/2006
Publication Date: 3/1/2006
Citation: Jenkins, J.N., Wu, J., McCarty Jr., J.C., Saha, S., Gutierrez, O.A., Hayes, R.W., Stelly, D.M. 2006. Genetic effects of thirteen Gossypium hirsutum L. chromosome substitution lines in topcrosses with upland cotton cultivars: I. Yield and yield components. Crop Science. 46:1169-1178.

Interpretive Summary: Whole genome interspecific crosses between Gossypium barbadense and upland cotton, G. hirsutum, usually result in hybrid breakdown typical for F2 and later generations accompanied by problems, such as partial sterility, poor seed viability and other disruptions that prevent successful introgression of the desired G. barbadense alleles into upland lines. One potential way to circumvent these problems is to develop and use chromosome substitution lines, which are lines in which one chromosome or chromosome arm from G. barbadense is substituted for the homologous upland chromosome in an upland line. We have previously developed and released 17 of these chromosome substitution lines in an upland line TM-1. This manuscript reports on the genetic interaction of 13 of these chromosome substitution lines when crossed with five elite commercial cultivars. These results provide general guidance as to the probable benefits and problems that may result when these lines are used in upland cotton breeding programs that seek to utilize alleles from G. barbadense. General and specific combining ability for yield and yield components were measured in these crosses. General combining ability of substituted chromosome arms 22sh and 22Lo were significantly greater than homologous arms from TM-1. Several chromosome or arms were associated with significant negative general and specific combining ability for yield or yield components. We show, for the first time, that when these chromosome substitution lines are used in crosses with cultivars, alleles for yield and yield components on specific G. barbadense chromosomes can be uncovered that show positive interactions with alleles in elite upland cultivars. These data provide a valuable and useful baseline on the usefulness of these individual chromosome substitution lines to commercial breeding programs.

Technical Abstract: Gossypium barbadense L. line 3-79 is lower in yield, has smaller bolls and longer, finer, and stronger fibers than upland cotton G. hirsutum L. Thirteen chromosome substitution (CS-B) lines with individual 3-79 chromosomes or chromosome arms substituted into TM-1, G. hirsutum L., were top crossed with five elite upland cultivars and additive (GCA) and dominance (SCA) effects on yield and yield components were measured over four environments. GCA effects were more important than SCA effects for yield and yield components. All CS-B lines had smaller GCA and SCA effects than the cultivars for most traits. Many CS-B lines had negative effects; however, chromosome substituted arms 22sh and 22Lo showed GCA effects for lint yield significantly greater than homologous chromosome arms in TM-1. Hybrids of DP90 x CS-B15sh, PSC 355 x CS-B17 and SG 747 x CS-B02 had positive SCA effects for lint yield that were significantly greater than the homologous chromosomes in TM-1. Several chromosomes or chromosome arms were associated with significant negative GCA or SCA effects for yield and yield components. These data provide a valuable baseline on yield and yield components for the utility of these CS-B lines in commercial breeding programs. We show, for the first time, that when individual chromosomes or chromosome arms, via CS-B lines, are used in crosses with cultivars, alleles for yield and yield components on specific G. barbadense chromosomes can be uncovered that show positive interactions with alleles in elite upland germplasm. Several of the CS-B lines also had SCA effects that should be useful for production of hybrid cotton lines.