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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Albany, California » Western Regional Research Center » Healthy Processed Foods Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #185379
Title: IN VITRO BILE ACID BINDING CAPACITY OF WHEAT BRAN EXTRUDED AT FIVE SPECIFIC MECHANICAL ENERGY LEVELS

Author
item Kahlon, Talwinder
item Berrios, Jose
item Smith, Gordon
item Pan, James

Submitted to: Cereal Chemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/7/2005
Publication Date: 4/1/2006
Citation: Kahlon, T.S., Berrios, J.D., Smith, G.E., Pan, J. 2006. In vitro bile acid binding capacity of wheat bran extruded at five specific mechanical energy levels. Cereal Chemistry, 83(2):157-160.

Interpretive Summary: The in vitro binding of bile acids of extruded wheat bran (EWB) at five specific mechanical energy (SME) levels of 0.120 (EWB-120), 0.177(EWB-177), 0.234 (EWB-234), 0.291 (EWB-291), and 0.358 (EWB-358) kWh/kg on dry weight basis, was determined using human physiological conditions. Bile acid binding of EWB-177 and EWB-120 was significantly higher than that for unextruded wheat bran (UWB), EWB-234 and EWB-291. These results demonstrate the relative health-promoting potential of EWB-177 > EWB-120 > UWB = WB-234 = EWB-291 >EWB-358 as indicated by their bile acid binding. Data suggest that extrusion of wheat bran under the selected low SME input (EWB-177 and EWB-120) could enhance its health-promoting (cholesterol-lowering and cancer-preventing) potential.

Technical Abstract: The in vitro binding of bile acids of extruded wheat bran (EWB) at five specific mechanical energy (SME) levels of 0.120 (EWB-120), 0.177(EWB-177), 0.234 (EWB-234), 0.291 (EWB-291), and 0.358 (EWB-358) kWh/kg on dry weight basis, was determined using a mixture of bile acids secreted in human bile at a duodenal physiological pH of 6.3. Experiment was conducted using six treatments and two blank incubations to test unextruded and extruded wheat bran samples, on an equal dry matter (DM) basis. Considering cholestyramine (bile acid binding, cholesterol lowering drug) as 100% bound, the relative in vitro bile acid binding ability on DM, total dietary fiber (TDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) basis was for unextruded wheat bran (UWB) 18, 35 and 37%; for the extruded wheat bran EWB-120: 21, 40 and 41%; EWB-177: 23, 51 and 53%; EWB-234: 17, 33 and 34%; EWB-291: 17, 33 and 36% and for EWB-358: 14, 28 and 29%, respectively. Bile acid binding on DM, TDF and IDF basis for WB-177 was significantly (P 0.05) higher and EWB-358 significantly lower than UWB, EWB-120, EWB-234 and EWB-291. Bile acid binding for EWB-120 was significantly higher than that for UWB, EWB-234 and EWB-291. These results demonstrate the relative health promoting potential of EWB-177 > EWB-120 > UWB = WB-234 = EWB-291 >EWB-358 as indicated by their bile acid binding ability on DM, TDF and IDF basis. Data suggest that extrusion of wheat bran under the selected low SME input (EWB-177 and EWB-120) could enhance its health promoting (cholesterol lowering and cancer preventing) potential. The variability in bile acid binding of wheat bran treatments may be due to fragmenting of particles and or macromolecules, creating new linkages in proteins, starches, and non-starch polysaccharides, changes in physical and chemical characteristics and/or binding sites.