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Title: SECRETED PROTEINS AND GENES IN FETAL AND NEONATAL PIG ADIPOSE TISSUE AND STROMAL-VASCULAR CELLS

Author
item Hausman, Gary
item Poulos, Sylvia
item Richardson, Richard
item Barb, Claude
item ANDACHT, TRACY - UNIV OF GEORGIA
item MYNATT, RANDY - PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RES
item KIRK, HEATHER - PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RES
item CRANDALL, DAVE - WYETH RESEARCH LABS
item HREHA, AMY - WYETH RESEARCH LABS

Submitted to: Journal of Animal Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/1/2006
Publication Date: 7/20/2006
Citation: Hausman, G.J., Poulos, S.P., Richardson, R.L., Barb, C.R., Andacht, T., Mynatt, R., Kirk, H., Crandall, D., Hreha, A. 2006. Secreted proteins and genes in fetal and neonatal pig adipose tissue and stromal-vascular cells. Journal of Animal Science. 84(7):1666-1681.

Interpretive Summary: Rodent and human studies show that fat tissue secretes many factors indicating that fat tissue plays an unexpected but important role as an endocrine gland. Identification of new factors secreted by fat tissue continues on as global approaches are used to study fat tissue proteins and genes. A number of pig fat tissue secreted factors were identified in a global analysis of gene and protein expression. Furthermore, several secreted factors were identified for the first time as fat tissue secreted factors. Many of these fat tissue secreted factors can significantly influence reproduction and many physiological processes such as feeding behavior. Therefore, fat tissue secreted factors represent a potential new target for regulating physiological processes in the growing animal.

Technical Abstract: Microarray and proteomic studies of meat animal adipose tissue have not been reported. Total RNA was isolated from 90 day fetal stromal-vascular (S-V) cell cultures (n = 4; 2 arrays , 2 cultures/ array) and adipose tissue from 105 day fetuses (n =2) and neonatal (5 day old) pigs ( n=2). Each of four adipose tissue arrays represented RNA samples from a pig and a fetus with duplicate arrays / fetus and pig. Dye labeled cDNA probes were hybridized to custom microarrays (70 mer oligonucleotides) representing over 600 pig genes involved in growth and reproduction. A total of 40 genes encoding for known adipose tissue secreted proteins were expressed in fetal S-V cell culture and adipose tissue microarrays in addition to ten genes encoding secreted proteins not known to be expressed by adipose tissue. Additionally, the agouti gene was detected by RT-PCR in pig S-V cultures and adipose tissue. Proteomic analysis of adipose tissue and fetal and young pig S-V cell culture conditioned media identified several secreted proteins including heparin-like EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) and several apolipoproteins. Another adipose tissue secreted protein, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), was identified by ELISA in S-V cell culture media.The results of proteomic and protein assays indicated that a group of twenty adipose tissue secreted proteins were detected or identified by both approaches including apolipoprotein (APO)-A1, APO-E, relaxin, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and IGFBP-5. These studies demonstrate for the first time the expression of several major secreted proteins in pig adipose tissue which may influence local and central metabolism and growth.