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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Mississippi State, Mississippi » Crop Science Research Laboratory » Genetics and Sustainable Agriculture Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #192509
Title: EFFECTS OF CHROMOSOME 5SH FROM GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L. ON FLOWER PRODUCTION IN G. HIRSUTUM L.

Author
item McCarty, Jack
item WU, JIXIANG - MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV
item Saha, Sukumar
item Jenkins, Johnie
item Hayes, Russell - Russ

Submitted to: Euphytica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/10/2006
Publication Date: 12/1/2006
Citation: McCarty Jr., J.C., Wu, J., Saha, S., Jenkins, J.N., Hayes, R.W. 2006. Effects of chromosome 5sh from Gossypium hirsutum L. on flower production in G. hirsutum L. Euphytica. 152:99-107.

Interpretive Summary: Cotton yield is determined by the number of bolls that mature after fruiting structures flower. The first four to six weeks of flowering accounts for most of the lint yield produced from cotton. In this study, we evaluated 13 cotton chromosome substitution lines (CS-B), TM-1, 3-79, and six cultivars for the number of flowers produced during the first four weeks of flowering. Results showed that chromosome substitution line, CS-B05sh, produced more flowers than TM-1 and 3-79 from July 10 to August 5. This suggested that when the short arm of chromosome 5 was substituted from 3-79 into TM-1 a positive genetic association with flower numbers was exhibited. CS-B05sh produced comparable number of flowers to three cultivars, Deltapine 90, Phytogen 355, and Stoneville 474 and more flowers than cultivars, Sure Grow 747, Sure Grow 125, and Deltapine 5415. The genetic analysis indicated that both additive and dominance effects were important during the first four weeks of flowering. The utilization of increases in flower numbers may lead to increases in cotton yield.

Technical Abstract: Cotton (Gossypium spp.) yield is determined by mature bolls that developed from squares and flowers. The first four to six weeks of flowering accounts for the majority of lint yield in upland cotton (G. hirsutum L.) for most cultivated areas of the southern USA cotton belt. In this study, we evaluated 13 cotton chromosome substitution lines (CS-B) and their chromosome specific-F2 hybrids, TM-1, 3-79, and six cultivars for the number of flowers produced during the first four weeks of flowering. Results showed that CS-B05sh produced more flowers than TM-1 and 3-79 from 10 July to 5 August. The results suggest that when the short arm of chromosome 5 was substituted from 3-79 (G. barbadense L.) into TM-1 (G. hirsutum) a positive genetic association with flower numbers during this flowering period was exhibited. CS-B05sh had comparable flower numbers with three cultivars, Deltapine 90, Phytogen 355, and Stoneville 474 and more flowers than, Sure Grow 747, Sure Grow 125, and Deltapine 5415. Different patterns for additive and dominance effects on cumulative flowers were observed across weeks of flowering. Dominance effects were more apparent during the early part of the flowering period while additive effects were more apparent towards the end of the flowering period.