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Title: SEQUENCE ANNOTATION AND COMPARISON FOR KEY ENZYMES RELATED TO BIOSYNTHESIS OF STILBENE AND ANTHOCYANIN IN GRAPES (VITIS L.)

Author
item HONG, H - FLORIDA A&M UNIVERSITY
item LU, J - FLORIDA A&M UNIVERSITY
item Hunter, Wayne

Submitted to: Annual International Plant & Animal Genome Conference
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/5/2006
Publication Date: 1/15/2006
Citation: Hong, H., Lu, J., Hunter, W.B. 2006. Sequence annotation and comparison for key enzymes related to biosynthesis of stilbene and anthocyanin in grapes (vitis l.). Proceedings of International Plant and Animal Genome IX Conference. P. 795. p. 299.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Anthocyanin is an important element which contributes color to red wines. Native American grape species while having good disease resistance also have color instability associated with red wine production. The production and comparative analysis of a V. shuttleworthii Unigene set (Lu & Hunter 2004) identified multiple homologous genes in two pathways of grape. The anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway includes phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways. Genes encoding several important enzymes such as chalcone synthase (CHS), flavonone-3-hydroxylase (F3H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX), and UDP glucose-flavonoid 3-O-glucosyl transferase (UFGT) in the anthocyanin pathway and stiblene synthase (StSy) in the phytoalexin pathway. These genes in V. vinifera have been sequenced and reported in the NCBI database. Grapevine phytoalexins are stilbene compounds synthesized and accumulated in leaves and berries in response to abiotic stresses or attack by pathogens. Stilbene synthase is thought to play a critical role in disease resistance in grapes. The key enzyme for stilbene synthesis, StSy, is known to use the same substrates as CHS and shares a high identity with the CHS gene. The V. shuttleworthii, nucleotide sequences of these enzymes were highly homologous to the full length genes from V. vinifera. Comparative analysis among these gene sequences from Native American grape species (V. shuttleworthii, V. aestivalis, V. riparia and Vitis rotundifolia) and V. vinifera was conducted. Genetic markers were produced to these and other important genes linked to color and disease resistance and are being used to screen seedlings, in a marker-assisted grape breeding program to expedite production of new grape varieties.