Author
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Chellemi, Daniel |
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Submitted to: Proceedings of American Chemical Society National Meeting
Publication Type: Abstract Only Publication Acceptance Date: 8/21/2006 Publication Date: 9/11/2006 Citation: Chellemi, D.O. 2006. Innovative approaches to soil fumigation. Proceedings of American Chemical Society National Meeting. Interpretive Summary: An apparatus was developed for injecting soil fumigants beneath raised planting beds covered by plastic mulch without disturbing the integrity of the beds. A mixture of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (Pic) (62:35) was combined with soil solarization, virtually impermeable films (VIF) and alternating application sequences. Worker exposure to fumigants was mitigated by separating land preparation activities from the fumigant application process. Drip irrigation systems were not required for fumigating established plastic mulched beds. Fumigation under VIF dramatically improved retention of 1,3-D and Pic in the soil, reduced the survival of plant pathogenci fung, controlled weeds and achieved marketable yields of pepper and tomato equivalent to admacent areas fumigated with methyl bromide:chloropicrin. Pest control was achieved at reduced fumigant application rates. Combining soil solarization with soil fumigation improved control of soilborne diseases. Weed control was improved when the fumigant application was delalyed for 7 days after formation of plastic mulched beds. Technical Abstract: An apparatus was developed for injecting soil fumigants beneath raised planting beds covered by plastic mulch without disturbing the integrity of the beds. A mixture of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (Pic) (62:35) was combined with soil solarization, virtually impermeable films (VIF) and alternating application sequences. Worker exposure to fumigants was mitigated by separating land preparation activities from the fumigant application process. Drip irrigation systems were not required for fumigating established plastic mulched beds. Fumigation under VIF dramatically improved retention of 1,3-D and Pic in the soil, reduced the survival of plant pathogenci fung, controlled weeds and achieved marketable yields of pepper and tomato equivalent to admacent areas fumigated with methyl bromide:chloropicrin. Pest control was achieved at reduced fumigant application rates. Combining soil solarization with soil fumigation improved control of soilborne diseases. Weed control was improved when the fumigant application was delalyed for 7 days after formation of plastic mulched beds. |
